soil water retention curve is one of the crucial input parameters in any modeling study on water flow and solute transport in soils. direct measurement of soil water retention curve is time-consuming and costly. alternatively, pedotransfer functions (ptfs) may be used to indirectly estimate the soil water retention curve from easily measured soil properties. many equations for the soil water re...

We identify the inefficiencies that arise when negotiation between two parties takes place in the presence of transaction costs. First, for some values of these costs it is efficient to reach an agreement but the unique equilibrium outcome is one in which agreement is never reached. Secondly, even when there are equilibria in which an agreement is reached, we find that the model always has an e...

Firms compete by choosing both a price and a design from a family of designs that can be represented as demand rotations. Consumers engage in costly sequential search among …rms. Each time a consumer pays a search cost he observes a new o¤ering. An o¤ering consists of a price quote and a new good, where goods might vary in the extent to which they are good matches for the consumer. In equilibri...

We propose an explanation of cooperation among unrelated members of a social group in which cooperation evolves because it constitutes an honest signal of the member's quality as a mate, coalition partner or competitor, and therefore results in advantageous alliances for those signaling in this manner. Our model is framed as a multi-player public goods game that involves no repeated or assortat...

background: wilson disease (wd) is caused by numerous pathogenic mutations of the atp7b gene. there are several mutation screening methods that can be used for the diagnosis and carrier detection of wd, however such methods are costly and time-consuming. therefore, other diagnostic methods should be used for urgent situations such as prenatal diagnosis. objective: to report common polymorphisms...

Bird strikes are an important phenomenon that must be taken into consideration when designing aircraft. A bird impact experiment provides a direct method to examine the strike resistance. However, design of aircraft structures usually involves many iterations design-manufacturing-test and conducting experiments is not only time consuming but also costly. The aim this work show application test ...

conclusions results showed that ann is a powerful tool for predicting sorption coefficients using soil organic carbon content variations. results the multilayer perceptron (mlp) artificial neural networks (ann) model with 1-6-1 layout, predicted nearly 98% of the variance of kd as well as 94% of the koc variations with soil organic carbon content. materials and methods data of this study were d...

In many environments, expertise is costly. Costs can manifest themselves in numerous ways, ranging from the time that is required for a financial consultant to study companies’ performances, to the resources necessary for academic referees to produce knowledgeable reports, to the attention and thought needed for jurors to construct informed convictions. The current paper asks a natural question...

We study preferences over opportunity sets. Such preferences are monotone if every opportunity set is at least as good as its subsets. We prove a representation theorem for monotone preferences. The representation suggests that the decision maker optimally contemplates his mood before making his ultimate choice from his opportunity set. We show that our model reduces to that of Kreps (1979) whe...

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by the metacestode stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. The disease affects the human liver and occasionally other organs and is fatal if treatment is unsuccessful. The present chemotherapy of AE is based on the administration of benzimidazole carbamate derivatives, such as mebendazole and albendazole. Albendazole treatment has been found...