Introduction / objectives Ultrasound gel is a potential source of infection. Nonsterile ultra-sound gels can be contaminated due to manufacturing procedures and also during usage of opened bottles. We report a cluster of eight clinical cases of vaginal colonization (one clinically proven colpitis) with Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) due to intrinsically contaminated ultrasound gel in obstetr...

The vagina has been studied as a favorable site for local and systemic delivery of drugs for female-related conditions. There are a large number of vaginal medications on the market and most of them require frequent application due to their short vaginal residence time. A prolonged vaginal residence time of formulations is therefore a key parameter for improved therapeutic efficacy. Promising a...

INTRODUCTION Vaginal tenofovir (TFV) 1% gel may reduce incident HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus 2 infection. Pregnancy may increase risk of HIV acquisition, and incident HIV in pregnancy potentiates perinatal HIV transmission. Our objective was to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of seven days of TFV 1% vaginal gel in term and near-term pregnancy. METHODS Ninety-eight healthy pregna...

ABSTRACT. We used a probe-based dual-modality optical imaging instrument to measure in vivo coating thickness distributions of a gel distributed along the vaginal lumen, in a clinical study. The gel was a surrogate for one delivering an anti-HIV topical microbicide. Imaging data from Fourier-domain multiplexed low-coherence interferometry (mLCI) and fluorimetric measurements were compared to as...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost-effectiveness of prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone) vaginal gel for the induction of labour at term from the perspective of the UK's National Health Service. DESIGN Economic evaluation conducted as part of a randomised controlled trial. SETTING Maternity department at a major teaching hospital in London, UK. POPULATION A cohort of 165 pregnant women presenting ...

BACKGROUND Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most prevalent complications among reproductive-aged women. Antibacterial and antifungal effects of Berberis vulgaris have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of the vaginal gel of Berberis vulgaris 5% (in metronidazole base) with metronidazole vaginal gel 0.75% on bacterial vaginos...

Objectives To investigate the efficacy and safety of misoprostol in the induction of labor at term by comparing this agent with the commonly used dinoprostone gel. Patients and methods A randomized clinical trial of vaginal misoprostol, 50 μg 6-hourly, and dinoprostone gel, 1–2 mg 6-hourly, in 435 women undergoing induction of labor at term. The women, 210 in the misoprostol group and 225 in th...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that can result in rare opportunistic infections occurring in humans. The onset of these infections is known as Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Sexual transmission is responsible for the majority of infections 1, resulting in transmission of HIV due to infected semen or vaginal and cervical secretions containing infected lymphocytes...

A potential strategy that can be used to combat the worldwide AIDS epidemic is the development of a vaginal microbicide that prevents the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Certain CC chemokines, including RANTES, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta, might facilitate the development of such microbicides since they potently suppress HIV-1 infection by binding to CCR5, the ...