The rising demand for high-quality online services requires reliable packet delivery at the network layer. Data-plane fault localization is recognized as a promising means to this end, since it enables a source node to efficiently localize faulty links, find a fault-free path, and enforce contractual obligations among network nodes. Existing fault localization protocols cannot achieve a practic...

A core business enterprise function is trading with other business organizations. Such trade relationships are governed by legal contracts. The obligations and fulfillment conditions as stipulated in a business contract demand performance of business activities in the pre-defined choreography. Non-performance could lead to serious legal and/or financial implications. Therefore, it is essential ...

Services are becoming widely used in the world of engineering and manufacturing as well. Both traditional and computational resources are often encapsulated as Web services, providing the basis for building service-oriented architectures (SOA) based on standards. Services are used on the basis of contractual agreements. A service level agreement (SLA) provides the operational definition of a se...

This report examines the actions of JetBlue Airways Corporation (JetBlue), which violated its privacy policy when it gave the travel records of five million customers to Torch Concepts, a private Department of Defense contractor. JetBlue’s actions have prompted at least two lawsuits, including a claim by the Electronic Privacy Information Center with the Federal Trade Commission that JetBlue en...

Since the mid-1990s, dozens of States, including those of the EU, have reformed their evidence laws so as to grant digital signature technologies the same proof value as handwritten signatures, as a mechanism for proving identity of authorship, consent to obligations, and integrity of electronic records after their transmission across time and space. Yet, several archival institutions (includin...

The Framework Convention on Global Health (FCGH), a proposed global treaty to be rooted in the right to health and aimed at health equity, could establish a nuanced, layered, and multi-faceted regime of compliance with, and accountability to, the right to health. In so doing, it would significantly strengthen accountability for the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which it w...

As digital rights holders become increasingly proactive in asserting their rights against infringers, Internet service providers (“ISPs”) are more frequently becoming embroiled in online copyright infringement disputes. ISPs have, in turn, become increasingly concerned about their potential exposure to liability for acts of copyright infringement committed by their subscribers using the ISPs' f...

Current approaches for the discovery, specification, and provision of services ignore the relationship between the service contract and the conditions in which the service can guarantee its contract. Moreover, they do not use formal methods for specifying services, contracts, and compositions. Without a formal basis it is not possible to justify through formal verification the correctness condi...