www.aafp.org/afp AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN 1979 laparotomy, herniorrhaphy and mastectomy. Moreover, even low levels of residual pain are associated with decreased physical and social function as well as a diminished perception of overall health. Questions that confront a physician whose patient is about to undergo surgery include: “What is the process by which painful stimuli sensitize the nerv...

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are essential for evaluating the efficacy of clinical interventions, where the causal chain between the agent and the outcome is relatively short and simple and where results may be safely extrapolated to other settings. However, causal chains in public health interventions are complex, making RCT results subject to effect modification in different population...

Controlled environment agriculture (CEA)/greenhouse vegetable production is one of the most exacting and intense forms of all agricultural enterprises. In combination with greenhouses, hydroponics or soilless cultivation is becoming increasingly popular. It is high technology and can be capital intensive. CEA is highly productive, conservative of water and land and protective of the environment...

Controlled frames have been introduced to improve the numerical efficiency of iterative algorithms for inverting the frame operator on abstract Hilbert spaces. Fusion frames and g-frames generalize frames. Hilbert C*-modules form a wide category between Hilbert spaces and Banach spaces. Hilbert C*-modules are generalizations of Hilbert spaces by allowing the inner product to take values in a C*...

В работе рассматривается вопрос сложности и глубины обратимых схем, состоящих из функциональных элементов NOT, CNOT и 2-CNOT, в условиях ограничения на количество используемых дополнительных входов. Изучаются функции Шеннонa сложности L(n, q) и глубины D(n, q) обратимой схемы, реализующей отображение f : Z2 → Z n 2 , при условии, что количество дополнительных входов q находится в диапазоне 8n <...

The parameters determination of the supercapacitors is a required stage in the identification process of the supercapacitors with the applications in which they are integrated. After a short overview on the supercapacitors models, an RC model for a pack of supercapacitors is presented. Between the measurement methods for the supercapacitors parameters, the constant charge method and the capacit...

In this paper, we introduce contextual hypergraph grammars, which generalize the total contextual string grammars. We study the position of the class of languages generated by contextual hypergraph grammars in comparison with graph languages generated by hyperedge replacement grammars and double-pushout hypergraph grammars. Moreover, several examples show the potential of the new class of gramm...

As osteopathic physicians care for patients with complaints of pain, they commonly prescribe controlled substances. The use of these agents presents special challenges for providers, patients, and communities. The US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has provided testimony to the US Congress in regard to the growing problem of diversion and misuse of such medications. Joseph T. Rannazzisi, ...