A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of varying nitrogen (N) supply andirrigation methods on the root growth and distribution of maize (Zea mays L.) in Wuwei,northwest China in 2011 and 2012. The irrigation treatments included alternate furrow irrigation(AI), fixed furrow irrigation (FI) and conventional furrow irrigation (CI). The N supply treatmentsincluded alternate ...

The introduction of a hand-held drench hose into a district general hospital accident and emergency department, for the emergency irrigation of chemically injured eyes is reported. The hose is described, together with the technique of irrigation. The advantages that a high-flow, low pressure system affords over conventional irrigation methods are discussed. The system appears to offer a simple,...

AIM To evaluate the capacity to remove a calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste from the root canal and to evaluate the efficacy of Ca(OH)2 removal during passive ultrasonic irrigation using either sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or water as an irrigant. METHODOLOGY Sixteen mandibular premolars were used. Each root was prepared to the apical foramen using GT instruments of size 30, 0.06 taper. Each ro...

This position paper addresses the role of supra- and subgingival irrigation in the treatment of periodontal diseases. It was prepared by the Committee on Research, Science and Therapy of the American Academy of Periodontology. The document is divided into two portions, consisting of supragingival irrigation and subgingival irrigation. In their respective segments, these treatment techniques are...

The present study investigated the intracanal decontamination and apical extrusion of bacteria debris from root canals instrumented with rotary reciprocating systems (ProDesign Logic or ProDesign R), different file diameters using conventional syringe irrigation (CSI) passive ultrasonic (PUI). Eighty extracted mandibular premolars were contaminated Enterococcus faecalis randomly assigned to eig...

PURPOSE To compare the degree of surgical-field contamination in cataract surgeries between a new draping method using a lid speculum with a drape (LiDrape(®)) and a conventional draping method. METHODS Cataract surgery was performed on 21 eyes using LiDrape(®) (LiDrape(®) group) and on 22 eyes using a conventional draping method (conventional group). Contamination was evaluated by bacterial ...

the objective followed in this study was to investigate the transport and degradation of herbicides under different herbigation vs. conventional spraying systems in soil. metribuzin and potassium bromide (kbr) were applied in soil plots by four application methods, including conventional spraying without delay in initial irrigation (cs1), conventional spraying with an initial 24-h delay in irri...

Background: Medication errors in anesthesia present patient safety challenges and research has shown that proper medication labeling may reduce error rates. Bar code-assisted syringe labeling may improve labeling accuracy and compliance. The purpose of this study is to compare the time required to label syringes using the manual method with the time required using bar code-assisted syringe labe...

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the most common method of delivering long-term enteral feeding to patients who are unable to take adequate nutrition by mouth [1]. We sometimes encounter patients for whom it is difficult to install the mouthpiece because of limitations of their mouth opening, such as in patients with neuromuscular disorders. In such cases we had tried transnasal ins...

The water use efficiency under conventional flood method of irrigation, which is predominantly practised in Indian agriculture, is very low due to substantial conveyance and distribution losses. Recognizing the fast decline of irrigation water potential and increasing demand for water from different sectors, a number of demand management strategies and programmes have been introduced to save wa...