We prove that the Cauchy problem for the KP-I equation is globally well-posed for initial data which are localized perturbations (of arbitrary size) of a non-localized (i.e. not decaying in all directions) traveling wave solution (e.g. the KdV line solitary wave or the Zaitsev solitary waves which are localized in x and y periodic or conversely).

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is the most contagious pathogen of cloven-hoofed animals. Previous studies have demonstrated that type I interferons [alpha/beta interferons (IFN/ s)] can suppress FMDV replication and spread. Conversely, FMDV can also inhibit IFNexpression in infected cells by

Acute acalculous cholecystitis may develop in patients suffering from necrotizing pancreatitis. Conversely, acute pancreatitis may complicate acute gallbladder disease. We present a case that lends support to the existence of another possibility: gallbladder necrosis caused by direct extension of the necrotizing pancreatitic process.

Potassium depletion in rats augments the specific renal lesions of phosphate loading. Since it has been shown that phosphate loading increases the specific cardiac lesions of potassium deficiency (12), it is concluded that the similar types of electrolyte imbalance (potassium depletion-phosphate load) act conversely in the two organs.

The paper formalises the structure of Porphyrian tree (PTS) and introduces operation of determination (D), which renders the Wolff’s idea of generating attributes of being by means of essentialia. The analysis of their mutual dependencies has lead to the following conclusion: operation D is generated by PTS and, conversely, some Porphyrian structure is determined by operation D.

There is a well-known formula due to Jacobi for the number r2(n) of representations of the number n as the sum of two squares. This formula implies that the numbers r2(n) satisfy elegant arithmetic relations. Conversely, these arithmetic properties essentially imply Jacobi’s formula. So it is of interest to give direct proofs of these arithmetic relations, and this we do.

In an in vitro pharmacodynamic model, linezolid attenuated the activity of aztreonam and ceftazidime against Escherichia coli. Conversely, synergy was detected at 24 and 48 h when daptomycin or vancomycin was added to aztreonam and ceftazidime. We conclude that significant yet underappreciated interactions may occur between gram-positive-spectrum and gram-negative-spectrum antibacterials.

We show how to generate multi-agent Kripke models from message exchanges, and conversely, how to interpret message exchanges with respect to initial multi-agent Kripke models. Any multimodal S5 Kripke model is a suitable initial model for updating by means of message exchange.

We study the Monadic Second Order (MSO) Hierarchy over infinite pictures, that is tilings. We give a characterization of existential MSO in terms of tilings and projections of tilings. Conversely, we characterise logic fragments corresponding to various classes of infinite pictures (subshifts of finite type, sofic subshifts).

It is shown that a Yang-Baxter system can be constructed from any entwining structure. It is also shown that, conversely, Yang-Baxter systems of certain type lead to entwining structures. Examples of Yang-Baxter systems associated to entwining structures are given, and a Yang-Baxter operator of Hecke type is defined for any bijective entwining map.