Here, μ represents the overall mean, βi is the deviation of respondent i from the overall mean, and εij is the deviation of i-th respondent’s reported value from his true value, μ+ βi, on occasion j. βi and εij are independent normal with mean 0 and variance σ β and σ , respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ρ is calculated as share of between-class variability σ β in total ...