Alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activity and fatty acid (FA)-metabolism have been observed in (recurrent) major depressive disorder (MDD). Through the pathophysiological roles of FAs in the brain and cardiovascular system, a hypothesized relationship between HPA-axis activity and FA-metabolism could form a possible missing link accounting for the association of HPA-axis...

Management of adult patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is challenging and often complicated by obesity, metabolic syndrome, and adverse cardiovascular risk. Alterations in weight can influence cortisol kinetics. A 19-year-old woman with classic CAH and morbid obesity experienced persistent elevations of androgen levels while receiving oral glucocorticoid therapy. Control...

Jedeikin and White (1) reported that the over-all oxidation of uniformly labeled glucose-% to carbon dioxide by suspensions of rat thymic lymphocytes was inhibited by 31% by cortisol (lop4 M) ; similar depressions of glucose oxidation were observed in suspensions of rat lymphosarcoma cells. In addition, injection of cortisol into normal or adrenalectomized rats led to a decreased oxidation of g...

Previously, we demonstrated elevated cortisol production/release in response to the administration of the serotonin precursor, L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) in untreated patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We hypothesized that if this elevated cortisol response to L-5-HTP was related to OSA, this finding would not be present in OSA patients treated with nasal continuous positive airw...

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the extent of stability of corticosteroid hormones against the bacterial actions and their enzymatic activities that are naturally occurring in faeces. Materials and Methods: Faecal samples were freshly collected from each of 10 cattle and 10 sheep. Each sample was immediately incubated in a water bath at 38°C with either 1 μg of cortisol or cor...

The effects of excess cortisol secretion on blood pressure and fat deposition are well documented, but the importance of this glucocorticoid in controlling these processes in normal individuals is less clear. We studied the relationship between cortisol excretion rate (tetrahydrocortisol [THF]+allo-THF+tetrahydrocortisone [THE]) and a range of important cardiovascular risk factors in 439 normal...

When cells of the thymus or corticosteroid-sensitive mouse lymphosarcoma P1798S are treated in vitro with 0.27 /JM Cortisol in tissue culture medium with 10% serum or 0.5% human albumin, nuclear damage occurs that ends with karyorrhexis. The steroid-resistant subline P1798R does not show these changes. Corticosteroid-sensitive lymphocytes that undergo lysis differ from the resistant subline in ...

Two isoforms of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta-HSD) interconvert the active glucocorticoid, cortisol, and inactive cortisone. 11beta-HSD1 acts predominantly as an oxo-reductase in vivo using NADP(H) as a cofactor to generate cortisol. In contrast, 11beta-HSD2 is a NAD-dependent dehydrogenase inactivating cortisol to cortisone, thereby protecting the mineralocorticoid receptor from ...

Thermal injury is known to induce alterations in the immune system, but the precise mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. It has been shown that thermal injury in more than 20% of the total body surface area (TBSA) leads to disturbances in the cortisol metabolism and the equilibrium of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. We investigated the temporal relationship between serum cortisol leve...

Seahorse Hippocampus reidi is a vulnerable species, inhabiting estuarine and coastal waters. The safety of acidic environments for fish has been considered in terms ocean acidification nature decreasing pH intensive aquaculture systems. This study aimed to investigate the effects acute exposition (96 h) juvenile seahorses different (5, 6, 7, 8) brackish (BW - salinity 11) or seawater (SW 33). F...