Some phthalates such as di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and their metabolites are suspected of producing teratogenic or endocrine-disrupting effects. To predict possible human exposure to phthalates in cosmetics, the levels of DEHP, diethyl phthalate (DEP), DBP, and butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 102 ...

Using the Information–Motivation–Behavioral Skills (IMB) model as a theoretical framework, we examine direct effects of knowledge, attitude, and subjective norms on young women’s intention toward purchasing green cosmetics, whether self-efficacy mediates these effects. Data were collected from 433 female consumers analyzed using PROCESS macro for SPSS. Green-cosmetics-related knowledge motivati...

Background: The safety and the therapeutic efficacy of plants medications are mainly dependent on the quality controls and standards by which they are made for, to give powerful actions when prescribing them. Medicinal plants and their extracts have been used as sources of medicine, cosmetics and food in virtually all nations and cultures and the usage of plants as a source of cosmetics and med...

1,4-Dioxane impurity in nonionic surfactants and cosmetics were analyzed using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Experimental results show that there is no significant difference using SPME-GC and SPME-GC-MS for analysis of 1,4-dioxane in three types of nonionic surfactants at the 95% confidence level. The r...

OBJECTIVE Cosmetic formulations are influenced by environmental impacts and ageing, resulting in rancidity and change of colour and structure. These changes are caused by free radicals (FRs). The sensitivity of cosmetics generating FRs is a metric for its quality and should be determined. METHODS Electron spin resonance spectroscopy in combination with UV irradiation tested cosmetics such as ...

The Research & Toxicology Department of Humane Society International (HSI) operates a multifaceted and science-driven global programme aimed at ending the use of animals in toxicity testing and research. The key strategic objectives include: a) ending cosmetics animal testing worldwide, via the multinational Be Cruelty-Free campaign; b) achieving near-term reductions in animal testing requireme...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to cosmetics, often containing mineral oil, and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study was performed against the background that occupational exposure to mineral oil has recently been shown to be associated with an increased risk for RA in man, and that injection of or percutaneous exposu...

A lthough cosmetics, from Greek kósmesis (adorn), now refers to external products used to beautify the skin, hair, eye, or other parts of the body, cosmesis was not the first objective of primitive eye painting. The first aim of body painting in primitive cultures may have been to protect people from evil spirits, which could enter their body through vulnerable openings, such as the eyes. The s...

Pemphigus is a severe, autoimmune, blistering disorder with a high incidence among young women in rural Tunisia. The authors investigated explanatory environmental factors. A multicenter case-control study was conducted prospectively from 1992 to 1996 in Tunisia. Sixty-eight incident female cases of pemphigus and 166 controls matched on age, hospital, and geographic area were included. Data col...