Atherosclerosis is a disease caused due to formation of plaque into the artery. Increase in plaque affects the wall shear stress. The present study is performed to calculate wall shear stress in different geometries of stenosed carotid artery. A 2D model of different geometries is generated using CFD for NonNewtonian model. After this WSS of different geometries of stenosed arteries is calculat...

The lesions in tropical endemic endomyocardial fibrosis have a characteristic localization at the ventricular apex and on the mural endocardium behind the posterior cusp of the mitral valve. There is often a conspicuous ridge on the septal wall of the left ventricle. The use of a model left ventricle provides a possible explanation for the localization and character of the lesions in endomyocar...

In order to monitor the pipe thinning caused by flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) that occurs in coolant piping systems, a shear horizontal ultrasonic pitch-catch waveguide technique was developed for accurate pipe wall thickness monitoring. A clamping device for dry coupling contact between the end of the waveguide and pipe surface was designed and fabricated. A computer program for multichanne...

Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) play important roles in the regulation of vascular functions. Loss of endothelial integrity can lead to vascular diseases such as stenosis resulting from atherosclerosis. The migration of ECs into wounded area in the vessel wall is required for the restoration of its integrity and functions. EC migration results from a balance of externally applied forces (e.g. ...

Background Aortic stiffness is an important risk factor in the development of cardiovascular disease. Early detection of stiffening is important so that appropriate medical and behavioural interventions can be implemented. Applanation tonometry pulse wave velocity is the current non-invasive reference standard but this only provides spatially-averaged measurements. Local measurements may be mor...

Physical forces can influence the embryonic development of many tissues. Within the cardiovascular system shear forces resulting from blood flow are known to be one of the regulatory signals that shape the developing heart. A key challenge in investigating the role of shear forces in cardiac development is the ability to obtain shear force measurements in vivo. Utilising the zebrafish model sys...

We have identified two distinct mechanisms initiating the adhesion of flowing platelets to thrombogenic surfaces. The intergrin alpha IIb beta 3 promotes immediate arrest onto fibrinogen but is fully efficient only at wall shear rates below 600-900 s-1, perhaps because of a relatively slow rate of bond formation or low resistance to tensile stress. In contrast, glycoprotein Ib alpha binding to ...

In tall buildings the reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall is one of the predominant structural components used to resist lateral loads induced by earthquakes around the world. Previous research demonstrated that shear walls displayed a sudden loss in lateral capacity due to the wall corner and web crushing in the plastic zone. In addition, it was found that large shear distortions in shear wall...

We examined the hypothesis that disturbance of laminar flow promotes the attachment of leukocytes to the vessel wall in regions where the wall shear stress is otherwise too high. Isolated neutrophils, lymphocytes, or monocytes were perfused through chambers with backward-facing steps so that vortices occurred with well-defined reattachment of flow. Wall shear stresses downstream in reestablishe...

This paper presents a beam model for geometrically nonlinear stability analysis of the composite beam-type structures. Each wall cross-section can be modeled with different material. The incremental procedure is based on an updated Lagrangian formulation where in each increment, equilibrium equations are derived from virtual work principle. accounts restrained warping and large rotation effects...