Multilinear map is a novel primitive which has many cryptographic applications, and GGH map is a major candidate of K-linear maps for K > 2. GGH map has two classes of applications, which are respectively applications with public tools of encoding and with hidden tools of encoding. In this paper we show that applications of GGH map with public tools of encoding are not secure, and that one appl...

A snow-cover mapping method accounting for forests (SnowFrac) is presented. SnowFrac uses spectral unmixing and endmember constraints to estimate the snow-cover fraction of a pixel. The unmixing is based on a linear spectral mixture model, which includes endmembers for snow, conifer, branches of leafless deciduous trees and snow-free ground. Model input consists of a land-cover fraction map and...

Since 2002, global snow water equivalent (SWE) estimates have been generated using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E)/Aqua data. Accurate estimates of SWE are important to improve monitoring and managing of water resources in specific regions. SWE and snow map product accuracy are functions of topography and of land cover type because landscape characteristics have a strong influen...

geographic information and analysis provide a wide range of data and techniques to monitor and manage natural resources. as an important case, in arid and semi-arid areas, water management is critical for both local governance and citizens. as a result, the estimation of water potential brought by snowmelt runoff and rainfalls seems to be very useful and important for these areas. hydrological ...

Shallow coastal ecosystems are the interface between the terrestrial and marine environment. The physical and biological composition and distribution of benthic habitats within these ecosystems determines their contribution to ecosystem services and biodiversity as well as their connections to neighbouring terrestrial and marine ecosystem processes. The capacity to accurately and consistently m...

Land cover classification remains an important and complex problem when land observational satellites are involved. Conventional methods of image classification have been shown to provide adequate results; however, when complex surface arrangements are encountered the reliability of conventional approaches can be called into question. This situation is particularly apparent when land cover clas...

In this paper, we present a procedure to approximate the cover map generated from a remotely sensed image. The procedure can detect the nodes and branches from a segmented description of an image resembling a network. In the first of a two part algorithm, the nodes and branches of the mesh are detected. Once this has been completed, all those branches encapsulating a segment are used to generat...

Global land cover mapping has evolved in a number of ways over the past two decades including increased activity in the areas of map validation and inter-comparison, which is the main focus of this Special Issue in Remote Sensing. Here we describe the major trends in global land cover mapping that have occurred, followed by recent advances as exemplified by the papers in the Special Issue. Fina...