Two experiments investigated the role of the opioid system in sucrose-reinforced conditioned place preferences (CPPs) in rats. Experiment 1 examined the effects of a general opioid antagonist, naltrexone, on the expression of a CPP acquired in the absence of the drug. Subjects were trained to associate one compartment of a two-compartment chamber with sucrose and the other compartment with wate...

Redesigning linear cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) into a multi-branched topology with short dipeptide branches gave cell penetrating peptide dendrimers (CPPDs) with higher cell penetration, lower toxicity and hemolysis and higher serum stability than linear CPPs. Their use is demonstrated by delivering a cytotoxic peptide and paclitaxel into cells.

High molecular weight biomolecules are becoming increasingly important in the development of new therapeutics. However, the hydrophilic nature and size of such molecules creates a major limitation for their application – poor penetration through biological membranes. Over a decade ago, a new class of peptides, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), with membrane translocating ability, was discovered...

Comprehensively considering the power flow constraints of network, cyber-physical system (CPPS) network integration model is established by combining with topological structure information and network. The Newton–Raphson method used to solve AC distribution in Based on interdependent theory, a CPPS cascading fault analysis procedure given. Finally, importance nodes evaluated analyzed. Simulatio...

BACKGROUND A large body of scientific literature derived from experimental studies emphasizes the vital role of vagal-nociceptive networks in acute pain processing. However, research on vagal activity, indexed by vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) in chronic pain patients (CPPs), has not yet been summarized. OBJECTIVES To systematically investigate differences in vagus nerve acti...

Widely available real-time data from the sensors of IoT infrastructure enables and increases adoption use cyber-physical production systems (CPPS) to provide enterprise-wide status information promptly respond business opportunities through monitoring, supervision control resources activities in systems. In CPPS, failures are uncertainties that inevitable unexpected. The usually lead chaos on s...

This paper presents the cognitive module of architecture for artificial intelligence (CAAI) in cyber-physical production systems (CPPS). The goal this is to reduce implementation effort (AI) algorithms CPPS. Declarative user goals and provided algorithm-knowledge base allow dynamic pipeline orchestration configuration. A big data platform (BDP) instantiates pipelines monitors CPPS performance f...

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can facilitate uptake of quantum dots (QDs) for a variety of basic and applied sciences. Here we describe a method that utilizes simple noncovalent interactions to complex QDs and CPPs. We further describe methods to study uptake mechanisms of the QD/CPP complex. The inhibitor study coupled with the RNA interference (RNAi) technique provides a comprehensive appr...

Cell membranes are permeable only for small hydrophobic compounds. While in-vitro transfection studies can be performed with viral factors, electroporation, magneto-fection or application of lipid detergents the internalization of cargos for medically relevant purposes requires more gentle methods such as use of nano-particles or cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). Especially the formation and in...

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are still an interesting and viable alternative for drug delivery applications. CPPs contain considerably high amounts of positively charged amino acids, imparting them with cationic character. Tumor cells are characterized by an enhanced anionic nature of their membrane surface, a property that could be used by CPPs to target these cells. We recently identified...