Two classes of adhesion molecules have well-defined roles in the attachment of unstimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to cytokine-treated endothelial cells. Endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule 1(ELAM-1) on endothelial cells interacts with specific carbohydrate residues on the PMN, and the leukocyte integrins (CD18 antigens) on PMN interact with intracellular adhesion molecule 1 and...

Two new specific, selective, simple and inexpensive spectroscopic methods for estimating a trace amount of chromium (Cr3+) from a multi-vitamin with multi-mineral pharmaceutical formulations were developed. The proposed methods are based on the conversion of Cr3+ to Cr6+ either by oxidation with a nitric acid-perchloric acid mixture (method I) or by fusion with an excess amount of sodium carbon...

Ineffectiveness of antibiotics in treating neonatal Escherichia coli K1 meningitis and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains evidently warrants new prevention strategies. We observed that administration of interleukin (IL)-10 during high-grade bacteremia clears antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant E. coli from blood of infected mice. Micro-CT studies of brains from infected animals displ...

Alphaviruses such as Ross River virus (RRV) and chikungunya virus are mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause explosive epidemics of debilitating arthritis and myositis affecting millions of humans worldwide. Previous studies using a mouse model of RRV-induced disease demonstrated that viral infection results in a severe inflammatory arthritis and myositis and that complement component 3 (C3) c...

The huge applications of red-light-emitting materials paying the research attention to reduce cost production and raw materials. Therefore, abundant cations alkaline-earth metals, e.g., Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ were successfully incorporated with Cr3+: Zn3Ga2Ge2O10 (Cr-ZGGO) as co-activators via simple solid-state method. X-ray diffraction results all samples confirmed formation zinc gallogermanate sup...

PGG-glucan (Betafectin) is a soluble, highly purified yeast (1,3)-beta-glucan with broad anti-infective and immunomodulatory activities. These studies evaluated the ability of PGG-glucan to directly elicit O2- and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by rat leukocytes in vitro. Particulate beta-glucan stimulated O2- production by the rat NR8383 alveolar macrophage cell line and re...

Circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages (Me) 1 secrete complement proteins and have distinct receptors for some of these secreted products. Although hepatocytes and possibly epithelial cells are major sources of plasma complement (1), Mcl synthesize C1 subcomponents (2, 3), C4 (4, 5), C2 (5-7) C5 (8), C3 (2, 8) and all the components of the alternative pathway and its control proteins (8)....

Cell surface antigens, such as CR3, Fc gamma RIII, cALLa and Leu 8 antigen, expressed on polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in the peripheral blood (PB) are associated with certain functions of PMN. Functional alterations of PMN have been reported in some rheumatic diseases. In this study, therefore, the cell surface antigens were examined by 2-color flow-cytometry using monoclonal antibodies to cla...

We present a series of efficient near-infrared (NIR) Cr3+-doped non-gallate long-persistence phosphors (Zn2SnO4: Cr and Zn(2-x) Al2xSn(1-x)O4: Cr) and highlight their special optical characteristics of broad emission band (650–1200 nm, peaking at 800 nm) and long afterglow duration (435 h). In the context of materials selection, these systems successfully avoid the existing ubiquitous reliance ...