نتایج جستجو برای: cracking pattern
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Cracking is a major concern in welding aluminum alloys. Although weld solidification cracks can be eliminated through addition of filler alloy, the additives modify the alloy or base-metal constituents and may not always be desirable. High-energy beam processes, such as electron-beam welding, that result in minimal heat input reduce crack sensitivity, but their high cost limits their applicatio...
Crack surveys of bridge decks, performed over a 10-year period in northeast Kansas as part of three studies, provide strong guidance in identifying the parameters that control cracking in these structures. The surveys involve steel girder bridges—bridges that are generally agreed to exhibit the greatest amount of cracking in the concrete decks. The surveys include monolithic decks and decks wit...
Among the current IPPC installations, steam cracking for olefin production is the single most energy consuming process (ca. 30%) in the chemical industry, accounting for ca. 180 million tons of CO2 worldwide. This paper reviews steam cracking and innovative emerging olefin technologies in terms of energy efficiency. Pyrolysis section alone consumes ca. 65% of the total energy use and ca. 75% of...
In metastable austenitic stainless steels, strain-induced martensitic transformation during plastic deformation enhances work hardening of the material, increasing its strength and in some cases also ductility.1,2) The presence of α’-martensite, however, may increase the susceptibility of these materials to hydrogen embrittlement phenomena, for example delayed cracking.3–6) Delayed cracking can...
This paper investigates shear behaviour of reinforced concrete using multi-surface plasticity model. analysis uses nonlinear finite element simulation 3D-NLFEA package. The experimental data adopted from the results test on eighteen beams where nine carried out by Bresler and Scordelis in 1963 similar Vecchio Shim 2004. constitutive model for material which used this is based plasticity-fractur...
507 SCIENCE sciencemag.org nels, generating a " bowtie " image. These very different patterns of deep critical zone structure are not easily explained with climate. The authors used a numerical model of the state of stress in an elastic rock mass into which a landscape has been carved (9) to calculate the pattern of expected cracking of the rock. The topographic stresses arise from both the top...
This paper discusses the long-term behavior of a series of highly-loaded, spun concrete pole specimens prestressed with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons, which were subjected to outdoor four-point bending creep tests since 1996 in the frame of collaboration with the Swiss precast concrete producer, SACAC (Società Anonima Cementi Armati Centrifugati). The 2 m span cylindrical beams...
The Voyager and Galileo images of Europa and the Viking Orbiter images of Phobos revealed the surface cracking and fracture systems of the satellites of Jupiter and Mars. The complex system of lineaments and grooves cover the whole surface of these satellites. Based on earlier studies we compared the main characteristics of these structures and propose a joint model of the layered structure (Ph...
The behavior of fiber reinforced cement composites (FRCC) can be described and quantified by a variety of parameters, such as strength and strain capacity, toughness index, and fracture energy, obtained from tests in tension or bending in a large number different configurations including varying specimen geometries and test setups. Depending on the details of the individual testing procedures, ...
In this paper, Lattice-Discrete Particle Model (LDPM) of concrete has been extended in 2-D to account for the effect of non-circular aggregates. To this end, the flexible equation of super-ellipse is employed for generating aggregates in order to add the simulation possibility of a greater spectrum of aggregate samples in 2-D to lattice-Discrete particle Model. Alongside this extention, require...
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