In order to study the growth of heterogeneity in granular systems, we investigate the quasi-static deformation of monodisperse particle systems with regular initial arrangements. We construct a linearized model by limiting our consideration to infinitesimal deformations. Assuming Coulomb friction, we introduce new variables to express the slippage distances of particles in contact. The results ...

Apical constriction changes cell shapes, driving critical morphogenetic events, including gastrulation in diverse organisms and neural tube closure in vertebrates. Apical constriction is thought to be triggered by contraction of apical actomyosin networks. We found that apical actomyosin contractions began before cell shape changes in both Caenorhabitis elegans and Drosophila. In C. elegans, ac...

The criteria for designating an "Active Fault" not only are important for understanding regional tectonics, but also are a paramount issue for assessing the earthquake risk of faults that are near important structures such as nuclear power plants. Here we propose a proxy, based on the preservation of amorphous ultrafine particles, to assess fault activity within the last millennium. X-ray diffr...

This paper proposes an unsupervised abnormality detection method using a distributed video surveillance system in an intersection. Among the most important researches in intelligent transportation systems, especially in field of urban traffic management, automatically intersection flow monitoring is one of the critical and challenging tasks. The main focus of this paper is to analyse activities...

Enhanced submarine ice-shelf melting strongly controls ice loss in the Amundsen Sea embayment (ASE) of West Antarctica, but its magnitude is not well known in the critical grounding zones of the ASE's major glaciers. Here we directly quantify bottom ice losses along tens of kilometres with airborne radar sounding of the Dotson and Crosson ice shelves, which buttress the rapidly changing Smith, ...

Th e article by Sekiguchi et al 1 in CHEST (October 2015) is particularly important because they concurrently “evaluated the diagnostic utility of combined cardiac and thoracic critical care ultrasonography” in acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Th is comprehensive approach is particularly valuable since, by others, lung ultrasound B-line (wrongly referred to as comet) assessment is considered ...

[1] It’s uncertain whether more near-field earthquakes are triggered by static or dynamic stress changes. This ratio matters because static earthquake interactions are increasingly incorporated into probabilistic forecasts. Recent studies were unable to demonstrate all predictions from the static-stress-change hypothesis, particularly seismicity rate reductions. However, current dynamic stress ...

The distributions of interisland gaps and captures zones for islands nucleated on a one-dimensional substrate during submonolayer deposition are considered using a novel retrospective view. This provides an alternative perspective on why scaling occurs in this continuously evolving system. Distributional fixed-point equations for the gaps are derived both with and without a mean-field approxima...

Drilling and blasting have numerous applications in the civil and mining engineering. Due to the two major components of rock masses, namely the intact rock matrix and the discontinuities, their behavior is a complicated process to be analyzed. The purpose of this work is to investigate the effects of the geomechanical and geometrical parameters of rock and discontinuities on the rock mass blas...