A rigorous understanding of brain dynamics and function requires a conceptual bridge between multiple levels of organization, including neural spiking and network-level population activity. Mounting evidence suggests that neural networks of cerebral cortex operate at a critical regime, which is defined as a transition point between two phases of short lasting and chaotic activity. However, desp...

Unconventional quantum criticality in heavy-fermion systems has been extensively analyzed in terms of a critical destruction of the Kondo effect. Motivated by a recent demonstration of quantum criticality in a mixed-valent heavy-fermion system, β-YbAlB(4), we study a particle-hole-asymmetric Anderson impurity model with a pseudogapped density of states. We demonstrate Kondo destruction at a mix...

We investigate a suggested path to self-organized criticality. Originally, this path was devised to "generate criticality" in systems displaying an absorbing-state phase transition, but nothing in its definition forbids the mechanism to be used in any other continuous phase transition. We used the Ising model as well as the Manna model to demonstrate how the finite-size scaling exponents depend...

An analytical and experimental study is conducted to determine criticality of interlaminar disbands by NDE methods. Criticality of such flaws in a shear environment (action of shear near support) is defined in terms of crack propagation and is analyzed by principles and methods of fracture mechanics. Growth of disbands under cyclic loading is also being studied. Fajlure under compressive loadin...

Submitted for the MAR14 Meeting of The American Physical Society Self-organized criticality of protein folding simulations using AMBER parameters YURA SIM1, JOELLE MURRAY2, Linfield College — Selforganized criticality is a framework that can be used to describe many natural processes, ranging from avalanches to forest fires. These processes exhibit power-law characteristics and scale invariance...

Mixed-criticality systems combine real-time components of different levels of criticality, i.e. severity of failure, on the same processor, in order to obtain good resource utilisation. They must guarantee deadlines of highly-critical tasks at the expense of lower-criticality ones in the case of overload. Present operating systems provide inadequate support for this kind of system, which is of ...

The chronicle of McLaughlin et al. (2000) details how multiple process criticality accidents occurred in the 1950s and 1960s when criticality safety programmes were in their infancy and when operator training was often overlooked. A period of relative calm prevailed after 1970 as strict mass controls and administrative procedures were introduced together with criticality education programmes. H...

The possibility of failure is a fundamental characteristic of distributed applications. The research community in fault tolerance has developed several solutions mainly based on the concept of replication. In this paper, we propose a fault tolerant hybrid approach in multi-agent systems. We have based our strategy on two main concepts: replication and teamwork. Through this work, we have to cal...

For a long time criticality has been considered in epidemiological models. We review the body of theory developed over the last twenty five years for the simplest models. It is at first glance difficult to imagine that an epidemiological system operates at a very fine tuned critical state as opposed to any other parameter region. However, the advent of self-organized criticality has given hints...

Infrastructure networks are essential to the socioeconomic development of any country. This article applies clustering analysis to extract the inherent structural properties of realistic-size infrastructure networks. Network components with high criticality are identified and a general hierarchical modelling framework is developed for representing the networked system into a scalable hierarchic...