Applying a measurement instrument developed in specific country to other countries raise critical and important question of interest especially cross-cultural studies. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is the most preferred used method examine applicability tools. Although CFA sophisticated technique investigate various equivalence types (structural, metric, scalar alike.), it has some limitat...

In this article, the contributions that Michael Thompson has made to the development of cultural theory are laid out. This is done by highlighting the ways in which Thompson has built upon the grid-group analysis of Mary Douglas. Thereafter, it is shown how cultural theory is compatible with, and can be strengthened by, the complexity theories that have been formulated within the natural scienc...

Today, in order to achieve an effective result in a globalized business environment, an understanding of cultural diversity is urgently needed. In this background, such a concept, cultural intelligence, is newly presented. This is an ability to socialize and work with people from different culture and background without cultural struggle. This article discusses about a concept and theory of cul...