The biodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was studied in batch systems. In experiments with mycelial suspension, the degradation of 2,4,6-TCP was found to occur in the absence of ligninase. Chloride ion was recovered in nearly stoichiometric amounts at the end of the process. The microorganism did not retain its degradation ability for more than 6 da...

Streptococcal-group-specific antigens were solubilized with a murolytic enzyme contained in the culture supernatant of Streptomyces globisporus. This facilitated the effective serogrouping of streptococci from humans and animals.

Four nonadherent mutants from Streptococcus mutans 6715 mutant UAB66 (serotype g) with similar phenotypes were shown to inhibit the adherence of adherence-proficient S. mutans serotypes c and g strains. One mutant, UAB108, was shown to inhibit adherence by wild-type strains representing serotypes a, d, and e as well. This inhibition of adherence was seen with pairs of strains grown in partially...

The effect of the culture supernatant of influenza virus (IV)-infected apoptotic and non-apoptotic cells on the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages was investigated. IV infection induced apoptotic DNA fragmentation in cultured chorion cells but not in amnion cells prepared from human foetal membrane tissue. To examine the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, an adhesion assay wa...

This study was established to test the hypothesis of whether the codon optimization of fish growth hormone gene (FGH) based on P. pastoris preferred codon will improve the quantity of secreted rFGH in culture supernatant that can directly be used as fish feed supplements. The optimized FGH coding sequence (oFGH) and native sequence (nFGH) of giant grouper fish (Epinephelus lanceolatus) were clo...

Indole has diverse signalling roles, including modulation of biofilm formation, virulence and stress responses. Changes are induced by indole concentrations of 0.5-1.0 mM, similar to those found in the supernatant of Escherichia coli stationary phase culture. Here we describe an alternative mode of indole signalling that promotes the survival of E. coli cells during long-term stationary phase. ...

This study describes a simplified approach for enhanced expression and secretion of a pharmaceutically important human cytokine, that is, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), in the culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilis SCK6 cells. Codon optimized GCSF and pNWPH vector containing SpymwC signal sequence were amplified by prolonged overlap extension PCR to generate multimeric plasmid ...