Rather than investigate whether paternal leukocyte immunization improves the live birth rate in women with three or more abortions, we analysed the results of patients expected to have a poor outcome in a subsequent pregnancy if untreated, i.e. women with five or more abortions and no anti-paternal complement-dependent antibody (APCA) at initial testing. The analysis included the results of pat...

OBJECTIVE To compare the cost effectiveness of ovarian reserve testing in in vitro fertilization (IVF). DESIGN A Markov decision model based on data from the literature and original patient data. SETTING Decision analytic framework. PATIENT(S) Computer-simulated cohort of subfertile women aged 20 to 45 years who are eligible for IVF. INTERVENTION(S) [1] No treatment, [2] up to three cyc...

OBJECTIVE To compare the live birth rate, multiple pregnancy rate, and obstetric outcomes of elective single and double embryo transfers. DESIGN Case series with internal comparisons. SETTING University affiliated hospital, Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS Between October 2009 and December 2011, 206 women underwent their first in-vitro fertilisation cycle. Elective single embryo transfer was offer...

in order to determine the exact birth rate and also percent of birth - orders in all births in the province of west azerbaijan, all centres of birth registration in the province were asked to fill a questionnaire at the time of issuing identity document for children. in the questionnaire, parents were asked to mention the place of birth, sex and birth order of the children and also the occupati...

BACKGROUND Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has been stated to improve live birth rates compared with natural conception in couples with recurrent miscarriage (RM) carrying a structural chromosome abnormality. It is unclear to what extent this claim can be substantiated by evidence. A systematic review of the literature was performed on the reproductive outcome of these couples after nat...

in a survey of the population of behbahan city, carried out in years 1990-91, the mean age was approximated up to 15.2 and 17.5 in the villages and the city, respectively. furthermore, about 27.4% and 27.9% of the corresponding populations were under 5 years of age. the birth rate in the urban and rural areas was about 31.2 and 33.3 per thousand live births. mortality rate related to the immatu...

Our objective was to establish which is the best sperm retrieval technique in non-obstructive azoospermia based on the available evidence. To date, no randomized controlled trial has compared the efficiency of these strategies and thus current recommendations are based on cumulative evidence provided by descriptive, observational and controlled studies. Three outcome measures were assessed for ...