Hazel (Corylus avellana) is easily attacked by Curculio nucum L. To better understand the physiological mechanisms underlying different resistance of cultivars to C. nucum, we determined insect-resistant compounds, plant hormones contents, and enzyme activities in nutshells three hazel (DW, B21, MZ) before (preexisting defense) after (induced chewing. The findings demonstrated that differed sig...

Prescribed fire is used extensively as a management tool in fire-adapted landscapes of the American West to maintain ecosystem structure and function while reducing wildfire risk. Seasonally specific prescribed by many Indigenous groups increase quality quantity cultural resources promote desired patterns habitat diversity. Traditionally, Karuk Yurok Tribes California applied tanoak (Notholitho...

The complexity of animal life histories makes it difficult to predict the consequences of climate change on their populations. In this paper, we show, for the first time, that longer summer drought episodes, such as those predicted for the dry Mediterranean region under climate change, may bias insect population sex ratio. Many Mediterranean organisms, like the weevil Curculio elephas, become a...

Thepecanweevil,Curculio caryae (Horn), is amajor pest of pecans in the Southeastern United States. Entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi are potential alternatives to chemical insecticides for C. caryae control. Our objective was to survey pecan orchards in the southeastern United States for entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi and determine the virulence of the new isolates to C. caryae larvae....

Organic apple production in the eastern US is small and is mostly based on existing varieties, which are susceptible to scab, and rootstocks, which are susceptible to fire blight. This requires numerous sprays per year of various pesticides to produce acceptable fruit. From 2014 to 2016, we tested different arthropod, disease and weed management programs in an advanced tall spindle high-density...