Upwelling of nutrient-rich, subsurface water sustains high productivity in the ocean's eastern boundary currents. These ecosystems support a rate of fish harvest nearly 100 times the global mean and account for >20% of the world's marine fish catch. Environmental variability is thought to be the major cause of the decadal-scale biomass fluctuations characteristic of fish populations in these re...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare changes in the mobility of the pelvic floor muscle during the abdominal drawing-in maneuver, maximal expiration, and pelvic floor muscle maximal contraction. [Subjects] Thirty healthy adults participated in this study (15 men and 15 women). [Methods] All participants performed a bridge exercise and abdominal curl-up during the abdominal drawing...

Curl is a quality problem that makes paper less suitable for printing. A paper sheet that has structural variations in its thickness such as gradients of "bre orientation, density and "ller content, will curl and hence assume a cylindrical shape when its humidity content is changed. We propose a method to measure curl that can be used for automated analysis of the paper quality. The shape of th...

The neuromuscular system acts to maintain postural stability and reduce the impact of deleterious loads on the spine. Exercising of the abdominal muscles has become widely used in the management of low back pain in order to provide this supplement to spinal stability. Several exercise programmes have been advocated to promote stabilization but evaluation is difficult. This study evaluates two c...

Objectives—To compare the therapeutic eVect of two diVerent exercise protocols in athletes with jumper’s knee. Methods—Randomised clinical trial comparing a 12 week programme of either drop squat exercises or leg extension/leg curl exercises. Measurement was performed at baseline and after six and 12 weeks. Primary outcome measures were pain (visual analogue scale 1–10) and return to sport. Sec...

We consider the problem of recovering divergence-free velocity field ${\mathbf U}\in\mathbf{L}^2(\Omega)$ a given vorticity F}=\mathrm{curl}\,{\mathbf U}$ on bounded Lipschitz domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^3$. To that end, we solve "div-curl problem" for F}\in{\mathbf H}^{-1}(\Omega)$. The solution is expressed in terms vector potential (or stream function) A}\in{\mathbf H}^1(\Omega)$ such U}...

Abstract. To deal with the divergence-free constraint in a double curl problem: curlμ−1curlu = f and div εu = 0 in Ω, where μ and ε represent the physical properties of the materials occupying Ω, we develop a δ-regularization method: curlμcurluδ + δεuδ = f to completely ignore the divergence-free constraint div εu = 0. It is shown that uδ converges to u in H(curl ; Ω) norm as δ → 0. The edge fi...

Trunk exercise speed has significant effects on neuro-mechanical demands; however, the influence of a variety of exercise speeds on motor control of the trunk displacement remains unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of performance speed on trunk motion control during the curl-up exercise by analyzing the kinematic variance about the sagittal trajectory. Seventeen subjects vo...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits and limitations of using three dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal modelling (LifeModeler) in assessing the safety and efficacy of exercising on a seated biceps curl resistance training machine. Three anthropometric cases were studied, representing a 5th percentile female, 50th percentile and 95th percentile male. Results indicated that the LifeMo...