There is consensus that muscarinic and nicotinic receptors expressed in vestibular hair cells and afferent neurons are involved in the efferent modulation of the electrical activity of the afferent neurons. However the underlying mechanisms of postsynaptic control in neurons are not well understood. In our work we show that the activation of muscarinic receptors in the vestibular neurons modula...

A new zero-voltage zero-current switching (ZVZCS) full-bridge phase-shifted PWM converter with controlled output rectifier is presented in this paper. Zero-voltage turn-on and zero-current turn-off for all power switches of the inverter is achieved for full load range from no-load to short circuit by using new secondary energy recovery clamp and modified PWM control strategy. Moreover by adding...

The cellular basis of reactive oxygen intermediate-induced arrhythmias was investigated in isolated rabbit ventricular cells using the whole-cell voltage- and current-clamp techniques. Singlet oxygen and superoxide were generated by the photoactivation of rose bengal. Single ventricular cells exposed to rose bengal (10-100 nM) exhibited spontaneous membrane potential fluctuations at plateau pot...

PURPOSE The sense of vision in humans is robust, and visual flickering is rarely experienced. To investigate this mechanism, electrophysiological and molecular biological techniques were used on human cone and rod photoreceptors. METHODS Voltage-gated currents were recorded using the patch-clamp technique on isolated human cones, and especially their voltage-gated Na+ currents were analyzed i...

TO THE EDITOR: Cell membrane capacitance Cm is a fundamental property of excitable cells. It scales with the cell surface area and is therefore used for cell size estimation and most important for normalizing currents and conductances. Consequently, proper knowledge of Cm is also crucial for accurate cell modeling (7). Whole cell patch-clamp technique has led to the development of elaborate met...

The effect of neuromedin U (NMU) on rat paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons was examined using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Under current-clamp, 31% of PVN pavocellular neurons (n = 243) were depolarized by 100 nM NMU, but magnocellular neurons were not affected. NMU (10 nM to 1 μM) resulted in increased basal firing rate and depolarization in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 of 70 ...

Certain neurons of vertebrates are specialized for high-frequency firing. Interestingly, high-frequency firing is also seen in central neurons in basal bilateral metazoans. Recently, the role of potassium currents with rightward-shifted activation curves in producing high-frequency firing has come under scrutiny. We apply intracellular recording, patch-clamp techniques, and compartmental modeli...

Action potential clamp (AP-clamp) recordings of the delayed rectifier K(+) current I K and the fast-activated Na(+) current I Na in rat hippocampal mossy fiber boutons (MFBs) are analyzed using a computational technique recently reported. The method is implemented using a digitized AP from an MFB and computationally applying that data set to published models of I K and I Na. These numerical res...

When physiological conditions are simulated, skate electroreceptors produce small maintained oscillatory currents. Larger damped oscillations of similar time-course are observed in voltage clamp. Subtraction of leakage in voltage clamp data shows that the oscillations involve no net outward current across the lumenal surface of the epithelium. The oscillations are much faster than the late outw...