We report a boy with chronic central cyanosis since birth. He was otherwise asymptomatic with chocolate brown color of blood. Methemoglobinemia was suspected after exclusion of the cardiac and pulmonary diseases. Hereditary methemoglobinemia was considered by his clinical course. The simple bedside procedure could be performed to determine methemoglobinemia by vigorous shaking his blood with ox...

Recessive congenital methemoglobinemia (RCM) is a very rare disorder caused by NADH- cytochrome b5 reductase (cytb5r) deficiency. It has been classified into four types. Type I presents with mild cyanosis due to a significant deficiency of cytb5r in erythrocytes only. In type II, the deficiency occurs in all tissues and causes growth and mental retardation and other neurological impairments. RC...

His present illness began with a chill, accompanied by pain in the abdomen, and on the three following days he had nausea and vomiting. There was no diarrhea. There had been cough and expectoration since the onset of the illness and he had been confined to bed. On the night of admission the most remarkable feature noticed was a very deep cyanosis. The respiration was somewhat labored, being abo...

OBJECTIVES Platelet dysfunction is one of the major haematological disturbances of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In addition, cyanosis is known to cause further coagulation disturbances. METHODS We prospectively studied 110 children under 1 year of age for the effects of cyanosis on baseline platelet aggregation, the time course of function on cardiopulmonary bypass, the effect on chest tube ...

A patient with a bluish tinge to the skin is alarming to a medical provider. Such a patient may be severely hypoxemic, which is a medical emergency. However, there are other causes of bluish coloring, both acute and chronic. We present a case of a patient who was referred for care because he appeared blue. We discuss common and uncommon causes of bluish appearance and suggest a diagnostic appro...

By the term 'cyanotic attacks in newborn infants' I mean sudden attacks of cyanosis, lasting from a few moments up to half an hour, in children whose colour was previously normal, and whose colour returns to normal in atmospheric air after the attack. I do not include the sudden development of cyanosis in a baby who remains blue until death. In an extensive search of the literature I was unable...

We employ a classification system for tetralogy (TF) that correlates clinical findings with the nature and severity of right ventricular (RV) outflow obstruction. Group 0 infants are acyanotic, Group 1 and 2 infants have intermittent or mild cyanosis with hypoxic spells, Group 3 infants have severe cyanosis without spells, and Group 4 infants have severe cyanosis and pulmonary artery (PA) hypop...

objectives we investigated the menstrual bleeding pattern and its relationship with certain clinical findings in adult women with chd. patients and methods clinical data and menstrual bleeding pattern of adult women ≥15 years old who were referred to adult chd clinic between march and september 2014 were recorded. patients with syndromic congenital anomalies were excluded. results data of 304 w...