A 2.5-fold stimulation of cyclic AMP cellular content is measured 60 sec after addition of 100 nM synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (C-RF; corticoliberin) to rat anterior pituitary cells in culture. A maximal response of cyclic AMP content at 400% above control is observed between 2 and 30 min after addition of the peptide, whereas an 8-fold stimulation of cyclic AMP released into ...

The electrochemical reduction of 1,8-dihydroxy-9,10-anthracenedione (Q) has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV). Both 9,10-anthroquinone (AQ) and 1,8-methoxy-9,10-anthracenedione (DMeAQ) are reduced in two steps. First, they are reduced to the anion radical. Next, the anion radicals are reduced to the dianion. However, the CV of Q shows more cathodic and anodic peaks, which suggests th...

The reaction mechanism for the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides catalyzed by a zinc pyrrolidine complex has been elucidated using the density functional level of theory. The obtained potential energy surface shows that the recently proposed zinc complex is able to efficiently and selectively catalyze the formation of cyclic carbonate using carbon dioxide. In the p...

Reef-building scleractinian (stony) corals are among the most efficient bio-mineralizing organisms in nature. The calcification rate of scleractinian corals oscillates under ambient light conditions, with a cyclic, diurnal pattern. A fundamental question is whether this cyclic pattern is controlled by exogenous signals or by an endogenous 'biological-clock' mechanism, or both. To address this p...

Numerical modeling was carried out to investigate the responses of suction bucket foundations under vertical cyclic loading. Numerical results were compared with centrifuge experiment results. Before the capacity of the model suction bucket to resist cyclic loading could be investigated, the static pullout capacities had to be determined. The buckets with different aspect ratio are investigated...

‎‎A natural generalization of two dimensional cyclic code ($T{TDC}$) is two dimensional skew cyclic code‎. ‎It is well-known that there is a correspondence between two dimensional skew cyclic codes and left ideals of the quotient ring $R_n:=F[x,y;rho,theta]/_l$‎. ‎In this paper we characterize the left ideals of the ring $R_n$ with two methods and find the generator matrix for two dimensional s...

In this paper, we generalize the technique of fair reachability analysis to multi-cyclic protocols modeled as networks of communicating nite state machines, where a number of cyclic protocols are interconnected in such a way that any two component cyclic protocols share at most one process and each channel in the protocol belongs to exactly one component cyclic protocol. By composing the fair r...

The physical effects of fatigue failure caused by cyclic strain are important and for most materials well understood. However, nothing is known about this mode of failure in living cells. We developed a novel method that allowed us to apply controlled levels of cyclic displacement to networks of osteocytes in bone. We showed that under cyclic loading, fatigue failure takes place in the dendriti...

In this paper, we present an optimal bottom-up evaluation method for handling both linear and non-linear recursion. Based on the well-known magic-set method, we develop a technique: labelling to record the cyclic paths during the execution of the first phase of the magic-set method and suspending the computation for the cyclic data in the second phase to avoid the redundant evaluation. Then we ...

Extracts of vegetative cells of Blastocladiella emersonii contain 5% or less of the cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activity in zoospore extracts. This difference in activity could be accounted for entirely by an increase in the differential rate of phosphodiesterase synthesis during sporulation, beginning after a lag period of about 60 min and extending for at least an additional 90 min into the ...