lunar and mars landing is a crucial part of any exploration mission. its importance is manifested by the considerable interest in the past couple of decades. solution of lunar descent can be either numerical or analytical. numerical solutions are iterative and computationally demanding and some of them might not be suitable for on-board implementation. on the other hand, analytical solutions ar...

in this work, an optical sensor for detection of ascorbic acid is described. the sensor is fabricated by casting and spin-coating silica sol-gel doped with 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol on the glass plates. the sols are in turn obtained by acidic hydrolysis of various precursors such as tetraethoxysilane, triethoxymethylsilane and triethoxyoctylsilane in the presence of 2,6-dichlorophenol indop...

background: systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) is a chronic autoimmune disease which is characterized by b-cell abnormality and auto-antibody generation. since bacterial infections are the most important causes of mortality in these patients, pneumococcal vaccination is recommended for children with sle. objective: to investigate humoral immunity and specific-antibody formation in response to a...

introduction: this study was designed to evaluate dosimetric parameters such as rectal dose, bladder dose, integral dose (id), homogeneity index (hi) and conformity index (ci) in various treatment plans for prostate cancer. materials and methods: pelvic computed tomography (ct) scans of 27 patients were acquired and transferred to the rtdoseplan treatment planning system. for each patient, 8 co...

background: leishmania major is an intracellular parasite transmitted through the bite of the female phlebotomine sand flies. leishmania major is able to escape the host immune defense and survive within macrophages. modulation of the nf-κb (nuclear factor-kappa b) activation and suppression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines by l. major are the main evasion mechanisms that remain to be explored...

the genus tanacetum is one of the most important medicinal plant that contains 26 species in iran, 12 of them are endemic. this paper reports the essential oil (eo) composition of tanacetum polycephalum subsp. polycephalum growing wild in iran.  flowers and leaves were collected from different location of azerbaijan province (marand, mianeh and tabriz), hydro-distilled to produce the oils and a...

a variety of group 4 metal catalytic systems (c2-symmetric {ebthi}-, {sbi}-type zirconocene complexes (c2-1–4); c1-symmetric (c1-5–8) and cs-symmetric (cs-9) {cp/flu}-type zirconocene complexes; cp*2zrcl2 (cp* 2-10)), half-metallocene complexes (cpticl3, hm-11), constrained-geometry (cgc-12) titanium catalysts) and post-metallocene catalysts (dow’s ortho-metallated amido-pyridino hafnium comple...

conclusions our study is the first to investigate patients with lch and its possible association with hhv-6 in iran. considering the p level of 0.11, which is statistically insignificant, our findings fail to support the hypothesis of a possible role for hhv-6 in the pathogenesis of lch. these results are in concordance with previous investigations showing negative results. results there was no...

cytokines have been introduced as critical inducers in the development of th subpopulations.cytokines like il-10 are involved in inducing regulatory t cells such as type 1 regulatory t (tr1) cells cells. il-22 is a member of il-10 family of cytokines, and il-28a is a member of ifn-γ family. in this study, cord blood mononuclear cells (cbmc) from normal healthy individuals were isolated by ficol...

background: survival of colorectal cancer (crc) patients is considerably stage-dependent therefore, early diagnosis is a pivotal factor in decreasing mortality and morbidity associated with this cancer. gm-csf and il-7 are reported to increase in different cancers and we aim to investigate the pre-treatment serum levels of gm-csf and il-7 in iranian patients with colorectal cancer. methods: 127...