In the current era of “minimal treatment” and “personalized” multi-disciplinary management for breast cancer, the data from thousands of women participating in the Regional Nodal Irradiation (RNI) trials has raised several concerns and opened up debate surrounding internal mammary chain (IMC) irradiation. These issues include the relative contribution of irradiation of the IMC, the target volum...

In the 1960’s research was carried out on so called N-path filters. These filters exploited down conversion filtering and again up conversion. This way band-pass filters could be made from low-pass filters. The techniques lost attention because the matching of capacitors turned out to be a problem and soon “real” oversampled Switched Capacitor filters took over attention, which have become clas...