(1) Elkan’s proof uses too strong a notion of logical equivalence. The particular equivalence he considers, while valid in Boolean algebra, has nothing to do with fuzzy logic. (2) Elkan claims that De Morgan’s algebra “allows very little reasoning about collections of fuzzy assertions,” although he correctly states that when logical equivalence is restricted to De Morgan algebra equalities’ “co...

We study clones on a four-element set related to the clone $${\mathsf {DMA}}$$ of all term functions subdirectly irreducible De Morgan algebra $${\mathbf {DM}}_{{{\mathbf {4}}}}$$ . find generating sets for preserving subalgebras , automorphisms truth order and information as well defined by conjunctions these conditions. identify covers in lattice four-valued describe above which contain discr...

Introduction Landsat Thematic Mapper ( TM ) imagery was used to analyze patterns of landscape diversity in the seasonal tropical forests of northeastern Guatemala. TM radiance and the radiance coefficient of variation (CV) were significant in discriminating land-cover types. Cluster analysis of TM4, TM5, and TM7 radiance produced six distinct types of landcover. Green leaf biomass from TM4 and ...

Le suivi de la fréquence fondamentale est un problème important du traitement de la parole et de la musique, et le développement d’algorithmes robustes pour la détermination d’une ou plusieurs fréquences fondamentales est un sujet actif de recherches en traitement du signal acoustique (Gold et Morgan, 1999). La plupart des algorithmes d’extraction de la fréquence fondamentale commencent par con...

This article explores the ideas that went into George Boole’s development of an algebra for logic in his book The Laws of Thought. The many theories that have been proposed to explain the origins of his algebra have ignored his wife Mary Boole’s claim that he was deeply influenced by Indian logic. This paper investigates this claim and argues that Boole’s focus was more than a framework for pro...