Lattice QCD with N f = 2 flavours of sea quark is used to explore the spectrum and decay of scalar mesons. We find evidence that the lightest non-singlet scalar meson (a 0) has a mass of 1.01(4) GeV. We determine from the lattice the coupling strength to KK and πη. We compute the leptonic decay constant of the lightest non-singlet scalar meson. We discuss the impact of these lattice results on ...

The objective of this paper is to describe governing numerical equation and solution algorithm of pollution transport mechanisms and factors essential to include in developing relatively simple and practical tools to quantify pollution loss, advection, diffusion and sorption in pollution transport into the groundwater at landfill sites. This paper presents the development of a numerical model t...

Recently, multi-time stepping methods have become very popular among scientist due to their high stability in problems with critical conditions. One important shortcoming of these methods backs to their high amount of uncontrolled amplitude decay. This study proposes a new multi-time stepping method in which the time step is split into two sub-steps. The first sub-step is solved using the well-...

The inner-shell ionized states in matter are subject to Auger decay. Auger spectra are considered as fingerprint images of the atom where the inner-shell hole is created. About a decade ago, Cederbaum and coworkers [1] proposed a new mechanism of electronic decay where the environment plays a role. For an isolated atom or molecule with an innervalence vacancy, Auger decay is often energetically...

undoubtedly, tooth decay is still one of the most significant problems in human communities. tooth decay is defined as a microbial disease that causes demineralization of hard tissues and degradation of organic components of teeth. although there are various theories on etiology of dental caries, miller’s acidogenic theory (1890) and gottileb’s proteolitic theory (1933) have gained the most cre...

A representation of the two-loop contribution to the pion decay constant in SU(3) chiral perturbation theory is presented. The result is analytic up to the contribution of the three (different) mass sunset integrals, for which an expansion in their external momentum has been taken. We also give an analytic expression for the two-loop contribution to the pion mass based on a renormalized represe...

We point out that kinetic and Stückelberg mixings that are generically present in the low energy effective action of axions can significantly widen the window of axion decay constants. We show that an effective super-Planckian decay constant can be obtained even when the axion kinetic matrix has only sub-Planckian entries. Our minimal model involves only two axions, a Stückelberg U(1) and a mod...

We show that the spin angular momentum (SAM) carried by a surface mode can be linked to the expectation value, with respect to the distribution of optical power flow, of its decay constant by itself or divided by the product of permittivity and permeability of the medium. Rewriting the formulas for the SAM of a surface mode using the relation between the SAM density and the Poynting vector and ...

In a recent paper, eight semileptonic parameters were defined to specify the most general Lorentz-invariant spin correlation functions for tau semileptonic decays. The parameters were physically defined in terms of tau-decay partial-width intensities for polarized final states. This paper studies how these parameters can be simply measured at a tau/charm factory with longitudinally polarized be...