In transportation via containers, unbalanced movement of loaded containers forces shipping companies to reposition empty containers. This study addresses the problem of empty container repositioning (ECR) in the distribution network of a European logistics company, where some restrictions impose decision making in an uncertain environment. The problem involves dispatching empty contain...

Pump-type containers are easy to use and also hygienic because the contents do not contact with the air. In this regard, pump-type containers are widely used from detergent to cosmetics. However, sometimes users have to throw the lotions away even if there is still remaining lotion in containers. Thus there is a need to take the measures against the pumptype containers that cause a waste. An ex...

We introduce the notion of containers as a mathematical formalisation of the idea that many important datatypes consist of templates where data is stored. We show that containers have good closure properties under a variety of constructions including the formation of initial algebras and final coalgebras. We also show that containers include strictly positive types and shapely types but that th...

In component-based systems, fault-tolerance concerns are typically handled by manually programmed fault containers. The purpose of fault containers is to prevent error propagation across component boundaries by means of redundant service providers. However, manually programmed fault containers are often subject to evolutionary pressure when components change. In this paper we present a meta-lev...

Large container ports around the world are major hubs in the global cargo transport system. A container stack is a type of temporary store where containers await further transport by truck, train or vessel. The main efficiency problem for an individual stack is to ensure easy access to containers at the expected time of transfer. In this paper, we propose a planning tool for finding the best co...

This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate of microorganisms within different antiseptic formulations - povidone-iodine (PVP-I) and chlorhexidine (CHX) - after intentional contamination, and to establish the minimum care necessary to ensure sterilization of non-disposable antiseptic solution containers. A laboratory study was performed with 180 antiseptic containers, which were contaminated...