The energy transfer mechanisms and structures playing a role in these adverse-pressure-gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) with small large velocity defects are investigated. We examine the wall-normal spectral distributions of energy, production pressure-strain APG TBLs compare those canonical flows. It is found that not profoundly affected by an increase defect, although spectra d...

Friction stir processing (FSP) was used as a cladding method for the fabrication of a AA2024 clad layer on a AA1050 sheet. Crossover multi pass FSP with 50% overlap was considered as the cladding method. Effects of the number of FSP passes and post heat treatment on the microstructure and properties of clad layers were evaluated. Microstructural evolutions during the FSP and heat treatment were...

We present an exhaustive first-principles investigation of Li absorption and intercalation in single layer graphene and few layer graphene, as compared to bulk graphite. For single layer graphene, the cluster expansion method is used to systemically search for the lowest energy ionic configuration as a function of absorbed Li content. It is predicted that there exists no Li arrangement that sta...

Light emitting diode structures in the ultraviolet spectral range are investigated. The samples exhibit defect luminescence bands. Synchrotron-based photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy of complicated multi-layer stacks is employed to assign origin observed certain layers. In case quantum well at 320 and 290 nm, n-type contact AlGaN:Si layer found be bands between 2.65 2.8 eV. For 230 nm e...