OBJECT The objective of this systematic review was to use evidence-based medicine to identify valid, reliable, and responsive measures of functional outcome after treatment for cervical degenerative disease. METHODS The National Library of Medicine and Cochrane Database were queried using MeSH headings and key words relevant to functional outcomes. Abstracts were reviewed after which studies ...

magnetic shutter, flash techniques, rotating shutters, the stroboscope and several high-speed techniques such as the Kerr Cell. Crawford and Jones explain how the measurement and calibration of the stimulus is accomplished by comparing it with a standard source using a thermopile, bolometer, photocell or other light sensitive device. They explore the knowledge of photometric and radiometric rel...

BACKGROUND In middle income countries, the burden of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains high, but the prevalence of other heart valve diseases may rise as the population life expectancy increases. Here, we compared population-based data on surgical procedures to assess the relative importance of causes of heart valve disease in Salvador, Brazil. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Medical chart...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. PURPOSE To analyze the incidence and prevalence of clinical adjacent segment pathology (CASP) following anterior decompression and fusion with cage and plate augmentation for degenerative cervical diseases. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE No long-term data on the use of cage and plate augmentation have been reported. METHODS The study population consisted of 231 p...

Background and Aim: Previous studies have reported the important effect of age, sex, heredity, and occupational status on intervertebral degenerative dick diseases, which are among the most important causes of low back pain. However, their results are not always so conclusive. This study was performed to investigate the demographic characteristics and family history of lumbar problems in patien...

Intervertebral disk degeneration has been considered an irreversible process characterized by a decrease in cell viability, attenuation of proteoglycan and type II collagen synthesis, and dehydration of nucleus pulposus. Stem cell therapy specifically addresses the degenerative process and offers a potentially effective treatment modality. Current preclinical studies show that mesenchymal stem ...

Abstract Conventional radiographs and CT are primary investigations in spinal trauma. However MRI is the technique assessment of degenerative inflammatory disorders. There occasions when conventional radiographs, bone scintigraphy assist diagnosis A detailed understanding anatomy spine dynamic function essential interpretation imaging. Degenerative disorders including disc disease sometimes res...

Spondylotic change of the spine is common in the cervical and lumbar regions and may present with compression of the spinal cord and nerve roots. Myelopathy due to degenerative disease in the thoracic spine is exceptional. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature and these reports have described disease in the lower four thoracic segments. We report a case of paraparesis caused by ...

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a multi-organ disorder affecting many types of connective tissues, including bone and cartilage. Certain skeletal changes are more prevalent in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic individuals. A possible association of diabetes mellitus and lumbar spinal stenosis has been raised. OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with spin...