The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate enamel microhardness following bleaching treatments using either high- or low-concentration hydrogen peroxide (HP) agents containing calcium and/or fluoride. Sixty enamel blocks were bleached with 1 of 6 different bleaching agents (n = 10). The high-concentration HP agents were Whiteness HP Maxx (35% HP), Whiteness HP Blue (35% HP, 2% calcium gluco...

Employing a systematic literature review, this study explores research into whiteness studies in Norwegian education. Whiteness is broached as sociogenic rather than phylogenic phenomenon homologous with constructed social categories such class. The review shows preponderance of tiny number academics studying whiteness, reticence and discomfort grappling white privilege hierarchy where the indi...

for a nite group g the commutativity degree denote by d(g) and dend: d(g) = jf(x; y)jx; y 2 g; xy = yxgj jgj2 : in [2] authors found commutativity degree for some groups,in this paper we nd commuta- tivity degree for a class of groups that have high nilpontencies.

The 8–14 µm emission spectra of 12 T Tauri stars in the Taurus/Auriga dark clouds and in the TW Hydrae association obtained with the Infrared Spectro-graph (IRS 1) on board Spitzer are analyzed. Assuming the 10 µm features originate from silicate grains in the optically thin surface layers of T Tauri disks, the 8–14 µm dust emissivity for each object is derived from its Spitzer spectrum. The em...

Limestone is a rock belonging to the type of sedimentary rock, formed as result natural sedimentation process. non-metallic mineral that used in various sectors, such paint industry, glass plastics, paper liming on agricultural land and also metal smelting industry. products produced by PT. Sugih Alamanugroho form calcium carbonate flour (powder) with sizes 800 1,200 mesh. Before being marketed...

The concept of "random loose packing" (RLP) has evolved through extensive study of loose packings of spheres, which has resulted in an accepted definition as the loosest packing that can be obtained by pouring grains. We extend this consideration to packings of nonspherical grains (ellipsoids) formed by slow settling in a viscous liquid, and perform a detailed analysis of the structural propert...

The strain states of [111]-, [110]-, and [002]-oriented grains in poly-crystalline sputtered (Ba,Sr)TiO(3) thin films on highly [111]-oriented Pt electrode/Si substrates were carefully examined by X-ray diffraction techniques. Remarkably, [002]-oriented grains respond more while [110]- and [111]-oriented grains do less than the theoretically estimated responses, which is understandable from the...

A phosphorylated form of cotton gauze for treatment of chronic wounds was designed to improve the wound dressing’s capacity to remove harmful proteases from the wound and facilitate healing. Development of the fabric finishing chemistry of the wound dressing with a process suitable for textile mill production required adapting the stationary finishing chemistry of the cotton phosphorylation fro...

This article deconstructs the conventional theory that "brightness" and "lightness" constitute perceptual dimensions corresponding to the physical dimensions of luminance and reflectance, and builds in its place the theory that brightness and lightness correspond to computationally defined "modes," rather than dimensions, of perception. According to the theory, called gamut relativity, "blackne...