Microgrid (MG) is one of the important blocks in the future smart distribution systems. The scheduling pattern of MGs affects distribution system operation. Also, the optimal scheduling of MGs will be result in reliable and economical operation of distribution system. In this paper, an operational planning model of a MG which considers multiple demand response (DR) programs is proposed. In the ...

The development of energy management tools for next-generation Distributed Energy Resources (DER) based power plants, such as photovoltaic, storage units, and wind, helps systems be more flexible. Microgrids are entities that coordinate DERs in a persistently decentralized fashion, hence decreasing the operational burden on main grid permitting them to give their full benefits. A new framework ...

Our present study investigated whether the ventilatory and gas exchange responses show different dynamics in response to sinusoidal change in cycle work rate or walking speed even if the metabolic demand was equivalent in both types of exercise. Locomotive parameters (stride length and step frequency), breath-by-breath ventilation (V̇E) and gas exchange (CO2 output (V̇CO2) and O2 uptake (V̇O2)) re...

In the smart grid, electricity price is a key element for all participants in electric power industry. To meet grid’s various goals, Demand-Response (DR) control aims to change consumption behavior of consumers based on dynamic pricing or financial benefits. DR methods are divided into centralized and distributed communication model. control, communicate directly with company, without communica...

In this paper, a customer incentive scheme is proposed for retailers to build an effective demand response program over the peak demand period to minimize the financial risk. Firstly, an objective function is formulated based on the market operation and an optimal incentive price is derived from this objective function. Secondly, the incentive price is employed as a part of an incentive scheme ...