A special form of anisotropic scattering phase function is shown to provide an exact solution of the characteristic equation for radiation transfer at depth within a scattering and absorbing medium. The solution is the Henyey-Greenstein function, the degree of extension of which depends on the albedo for single scattering and on the parameter of the phase function. Good applicability of the for...

Snow water equivalence, which is the product of snow density and depth, is the most important parameter in snow hydrology. This paper demonstrates the algorithms for estimating dry snow density, depth, grain size, underground dielectric constant and surface RMS height using multi-frequency and –polarization SAR (SIR-C/X-SAR) measurements. The algorithms were developed based on the numerically s...

In this paper, we study planar drawings of maximal outerplanar graphs with the objective of achieving small height. A recent paper gave an algorithm for such drawings that is within a factor of 4 of the optimum height. In this paper, we substantially improve the approximation factor to become 2. The main ingredient is to define a new parameter of outerplanar graphs (the so-called umbrella depth...

This paper explores several approaches for articulated-pose estimation, assuming that video-rate depth information is available, from either stereo cameras or other sensors. We use these depth measurements in the traditional linear brightness constraint equation, as well as in a depth constraint equation. To capture the joint constraints, we combine the brightness and depth constraints with twi...

This paper explores several approaches for articulated-pose estimation, assuming that video-rate depth information is available, from either stereo cameras or other sensors. We use these depth measurements in the traditional linear brightness constraint equation, as well as in a depth constraint equation. To capture the joint constraints, we combine the brightness and depth constraints with twi...

light is never being distributed homogeneously and it forms a gradient over biomass. the unidirectional nature of light gives rise to a vertical gradient of light intensity as a function of depth. the maximum depth of the light zone suitable for phytoplankton photosynthesis is designated as the euphotic depth. this study was designed to test the hypothesis of mixing depth of phytoplankton and i...

In the field of augmented reality (AR), many kinds of vision-based extrinsic camera parameter estimation methods have been proposed to achieve geometric registration between real and virtual worlds. Previously, a feature landmark-based camera parameter estimation method was proposed. This is an effective method for implementing outdoor AR applications because a feature landmark database can be ...

Five rigid graphite plates were embedded in evenly divided sections of sediment, ranging from 2 cm (A1) to 10 cm (A5) below the top sediment layer. The maximum power and current of the MFCs increased in depth order; however, despite the increase in the internal resistance, the power and current density of the A5 MFC were 2.2 and 3.5 times higher, respectively, than those of the A1 MFC. In addit...

In this paper, the on-wafer measurement of junction depletion capacitance is examined. This work provides an in-depth discussion of possible probing configurations which can be used. It outlines a method to consistently measure the junction capacitances accurately. The results from this method compare favorably with those extracted using S-parameter measurements. Additionally, methods are formu...

We present a two stage technique for estimation of rigid body motion and scene structure from monocular image sequences. The robustness of motion recovery is considerably increased by motion dependent distortion of rectangular measurement windows. In the rst stage, we estimate a set of candidate motion parameter sets from which the optimum is determined in a second step evaluating motion based ...