Toxin accumulation by suspension-feeding qualifier depends on a balance between processes regulating toxin uptake (i.e. ingestion and absorption of toxic cells) and elimination (i.e. egestion, exchange among tissues, excretion, degradation and/or biotransformation) during exposure to toxic blooms. This laboratory study compares the size-specific uptake and elimination kinetics of domoic acid (D...

Materials and Methods Prospective multicenter-study in 34 Spanish ICUs covering a 4-month period (from December 15th, 2012 to March 15th, 2013). Research endorsed by the Spanish Society of Intensive, Critical and Emergency Care Medicine (SEMICYUC). From 1035 initial cases, exclusion criteria of uncompleted demography data and renal depuration yielded a final total of 1012 patients. CA-AKI is de...

Fish were inoculated with various microorganisms present in wastewater. A threshold concentration was determined over which these microorganisms were recovered from the muscles. The threshold concentrations were different for bacteria, bacteriophages, and polio 1 LSc virus. The threshold values were lower when fish were inoculated than when they were immersed in water containing these organisms...

The maximum of bacterium inactivation by the SE-5 phage was 2.5 log, achieved after 12 h of applying phage therapy. However, only after 4 h of treatment, the rate of inactivation was already significant (1.9 log) (Figure 3). The phage control remained constant along the experiment. However, when phages incubated in the presence of its host, the concentration increased significantly (0.35 log) a...

The Importance of dissolved versus sediment-bound cadmium as uptake routes for the deposit-feeding polychaete Capitella species I and the toxicity and toxicokinetlcs of cadmium from these exposure routes were investigated. Effects were reported as changes in worm growth rate, egestion rate and allometry. Radioactive cadmium (""'Cd) was used as a tracer to examine the uptake (5 d) and subsequent...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are hydrophobic organic contaminants with properties and nomenclature similar to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). While much information is available on the bioaccumulation and pharamcokinetics of PCBs, little information is available on PBDEs. In this study, juvenile carp were exposed to a diet spiked with a cocktail of four BDE congeners (2,4,4'-tribrom...