background: l-glutamic acid is one of the major amino acids that is present in a wide variety of foods. it is mainly used as a food additive and flavor enhancer in the form of sodium salt. corynebacterium glutamicum (c. glutamicum) is one of the major organisms widely used for glutamic acid production. methods: the study was dealing with immobilization of c. glutamicum and mixed culture of c. g...

This paper investigates aspects in designing auditory spaces to support novel forms of interaction in virtual spaces. Initial research on human imagined sounds from places has identified ‘expectation’ as an important psychological construct. Second study shows that there are differences between sounds people expect to hear in places and sounds recorded from real life places. Instead of designin...

BACKGROUND Neural stem cells (NSCs) play an important role in developing potential cell-based therapeutics for neurodegenerative disease. Microfluidics has proven a powerful tool in mechanistic studies of NSC differentiation. However, NSCs are prone to differentiate when the nutrients are limited, which occurs unfavorable by fast medium consumption in miniaturized culture environment. For mecha...

Computational models are interesting tools to facilitate the translation from the laboratory to the patient. In regenerative medicine, computer models describing bioprocesses taking place in bioreactor environment can assist in designing process conditions leading to robust and economically viable products. In this study we present a low-cost computational model describing the neotissue (cells ...

A new theory on designing electromagnetic/optical devices is proposed, namely, an optical surface transformation (OST). One arbitrary surface can establish the corresponding relationship with another surface entirely optically with an optic-null medium (ONM), (i.e. the electromagnetic wave propagates from one surface to its equivalent surface without any phase delay). Many novel optical devices...

We develop an empirical technique to determine the capacity of a mobile ad hoc network. We assume that the network runs on-demand routing and carrier sense-based medium access protocols. The technique, however, is general and should apply to other types of protocols. We develop a tool that determines the network capacity given session-level traffic and node mobility traces. We compare the netwo...