Extended Kalman Filtering (EKF) is a nonlinear dynamic data reconciliation (NDDR) method. One of its main advantages is its suitability for on-line applications. This paper presents an on-line NDDR method using EKF. It is implemented for two case studies, temperature measurements of a distillation column and concentration measurements of a CSTR. In each time step, random numbers with zero m...

Theory predicts that occasional sexual reproduction in predominantly parthenogenetic organisms offers all the advantages of obligate sexuality without paying its full costs. However, empirical examples identifying and evaluating the costs and benefits of rare sex are scarce. After reviewing the theoretical perspective on rare sex, we present our findings of potential costs and benefits of occas...

conclusions given the importance of physical activity, and given that most women are at the pre-contemplation stage of the trans theoretical model, it seems necessary to devise educational interventional plans for the promotion of physical activities among women referred to health centers. patients and methods this was a cross-sectional study with 310 randomly selected females referred to healt...