In the past few years terrestrial laser scanning methodology has become a powerful tool for determining the spatial snow depth distribution on slopes. With technical improvements of devices, e.g. increased measurement range, reduced beam diameter, increased scanning speed and a more precise registration process, application for snow and avalanche related objectives has increased. The presentati...

Keywords: Snow water equivalent Arctic First-year sea ice Passive microwaves Surface based radiometer AMSR-E Ice roughness Climate change A SWE retrieval algorithm developed in-situ using passive microwave surface based radiometer data is applied to the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observation System (AMSR-E). Snow water equivalent is predicted from two pixels located in Can...

In the age of climate change, for many cities around globe seeking sustainable urban development is a key necessity. Nonetheless, fail to develop effective policies when it comes peri-urban growth, where these areas experience rapid land use transition, and become urbanized in short period time. Such transition poses risk development. This study provides evidence on consequences not clearly det...

[1] Observations of snow water equivalent (SWE) in the Pacific Northwest are examined and compared with variability and trends in temperature and precipitation at nearby climate stations. At most locations, especially below about 1800 m, substantial declines in SWE coincide with significant increases in temperature, and occur in spite of increases in precipitation.

This report considers passive microwave radiometry and its application for satellite remote sensing of snow at a global scale. The microwaves observed from a dry snow pack are emitted from the ground beneath the snow. The bulk effect of the snow cover on the micro‐ waves is that the measured brightness temperature will decrease. This depends on the mass of the snow (snow water equivalent – SWE)...

In this study, we attempt to bring to light various organisational and implementational clashes relevant to the conceptualisation of language policies at national level, and the planning of local practices with regard to degree programmes, language journals and conferences in Iranian higher education. We also prove that in its current status, the ELT syllabus in Iran, both at national and local...

Glacier, snow, and ice are the essential components of Himalayan cryosphere provide a sustainable water source for different applications. Continuous accurate monitoring glaciers allows forecasting analysis natural hazards resource management. In past literature, methodologies such as spectral unmixing, object-based detection, combination various indices commonly utilized mapping ice, glaciers....