We examine numerically the yielding or failure of small granular packings subjected to an increasing deviatoric stress. As the load increases, the packing softens and the number of sliding contacts rises. When the packing fails, the kinetic energy starts to rise exponentially in time. It is always possible to identify a contact status change that triggers the collapse of the packing. Furthermor...

Theoretical calculations are performed to study transformations in silica as a function of nonhydrostatic stress. Molecular-dynamics calculations reveal a crystalline-to-crystalline transition from a-quartz to a phase with five-coordinated silicon (Si) at high pressure in the presence of deviatoric stress. The phase, which appears for specific orientations of the stress tensor relative to the c...

The subducted old and cold Pacific Plate beneath the young Philippine Sea Plate at the Izu-Bonin trench over the Cenozoic hosts regional deep earthquakes. We investigate slab morphology and stress regimes under different trench motion histories with mantle convection models. Viscosity, temperature, and deviatoric stress are inherently heterogeneous within the slab, which we link to the occurren...

The subgrade layer is the lowest pavement layer, which carries loads transferred from upper layers. Different researchers have studied resilient modulus (Mr) of different soils for fine-grained and coarse-grained soil types. layer's response mechanism was found to be those fine coarse materials, it vital improving performance life constructed over it. parameters related that can affect include ...

The multiple equilibria of the thermohaline circulation (THC: used here in the sense of the meridional overturning circulation) as function of the surface freshwater flux has been studied intensively following a Stommel paper from 1961. It is shown here that multistability and hysteresis of the THC also exist when the wind stress amplitude is varied as a control parameter. Both the Massachusett...

We present a continuum theory of self-propelled particles, without alignment interactions, in a momentum-conserving solvent. To address phase separation, we introduce a dimensionless scalar concentration field ϕ with advective-diffusive dynamics. Activity creates a contribution Σ_{ij}=-κ[over ^][(∂_{i}ϕ)(∂_{j}ϕ)-(∇ϕ)^{2}δ_{ij}/d] to the deviatoric stress, where κ[over ^] is odd under time rever...

A large fraction of major intracontinental strike-slip faults, defi ned here as those slipping at rates of ~10 mm/yr or more, lie adjacent to relatively strong regions, such as oceanic lithosphere or Precambrian shields. We suggest that such faults form adjacent to discontinuities in strength, because strain in a continuous medium must concentrate near such strong objects. Concentration in stra...

A SLIP line theory governing states of incipient plane flow at the yield point load is developed for anisotropic rigid/plastic materials which exhibit a reduced yield criterion, governing states of plane flow, that depends only on the deviatoric parts of the in-plane stress tensor. It is shown that every homogeneous, incompressible material which complies with the principle of maximum plastic w...

The existence and uniqueness of the so-called critical state in soil mechanics is validated in our DEM simulations of irregular polygonal particles. « For different particle shape characteristics„ The critical state is found to be independent of the initial stress and density.» We retain low stress levels, since we do not take into account the crushing of particles. « »In biaxial test simulatio...

Using synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction, we explore characteristic signatures for nonhydrostatic stresses and their effect on the spin state crossover of ferrous iron in (Mg, Fe)O ferropericlase (Fp) upon compression in a two-phase mixture which includes an Aland Fe-bearing bridgmanite (Bm). We observe an influence of nonhydrostatic stresses on the spin state crossover starting pressure and w...