introduction radiation exposures from diagnostic medical examinations are generally low and are almost always justified by the benefits of accurate diagnosis of possible disease conditions. therefore, entrance skin dose (esd), body organ dose (bod), and effective dose (ed) from adult patients undergoing routine thorax posterior-anterior (pa) and thorax right lateral (rlat) were estimated in uni...

In this article, some diagnostic systems and the preliminary results of the IR-T1** (Iran-Tokamak 1) are presented. Different diagnostic methods, including an array of soft X-ray detectors, visible spectrometer, electron cyclotron emission detector and electromagnetic measurement systems have been used and the hard disruptive instability occurring in the IR-T1 plasma during an ohmic heating...

Diagnostic X-ray equipment was used to develop an experimental apparatus for calibrating a CdTe detector. Powder-type samples were irradiated with collimated X-rays. On excitation of the atoms, characteristic X-rays were emitted. We prepared Nb2O5, SnO2, La2O3, Gd2O3, and WO3 metal oxide samples. Experiments using the diagnostic X-ray equipment were carried out to verify the practicality of our...

An increasing number of diagnostic X-ray departments are opening their doors for direct referral of patients from general practitioners without the intervention of a clinical consultant before the patient is radiographed. Communication between diagnostic radiologist and practitioner is direct and hence increased responsibility falls upon both. With this in mind we are concerned with two associa...

The risk of cancer in offspring who have been exposed to diagnostic X-ray procedures while in utero has been debated for 55 years. High doses at high dose rates to the embryo or fetus (e.g. >0.5 Gy) increase the risk of cancer. This has been demonstrated in human epidemiology studies as well as in mammalian animal studies. Most pregnant women exposed to diagnostic X-ray procedures or the diagno...

Without appropriate quality control (QC) and preventative maintenance (PM) measures for X-ray machines in place, the benefits of reduced dose to the patient and early diagnosis will not be realized. Quality control and PM also make it possible to unify X-ray-imaging practices in the country using international image quality guidelines. The impetus for the present work resulted from the concern ...

in this paper a novel fuzzy scheme for medical x-ray image classification is presented. in this method, any image is partitioned in to 25 overlapping subimages and then shape-texture features are extracted from shape and directional information extracted from any subimage. in the classification stage, we apply a fuzzy membership to any subimage with respect to euclidean distance between feature...

Combined use of the X-ray (Radon) transform and the wavelet transform has proved to be useful in application areas such as diagnostic medicine and seismology. In the present paper, the wavelet X-ray transform is introduced. This transform performs one-dimensional wavelet transforms along lines in R n , which are parameterized in the same fashion as for the X-ray transform. It is shown that the ...