A tailored model for the assessment of environmental benefits achievable by light-weighting design solutions in the automotive field is presented. The model is based on the Fuel Reduction Value (FRV) coefficient which expresses the Fuel Consumption (FC) saving involved by a 100 kg vehicle mass reduction. The work is composed by two main sections: simulation and environmental modelling. Simulati...

With the vision and leadership of Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur, the Toledo Area Regional Transit Authority (TARTA) and the Intermodal Transportation Institute (ITI) at The University of Toledo developed a long-term, large-scale comprehensive research project to understand and assess the impacts of using a mixture of renewable bio-fuel and diesel fuel (B20: 20% bio-fuel and 80% diesel) compared to...

Absorption spectra of several types of diesel fuel are studied experimentally. Index of refraction of these fuels is calculated using subtractive Kramers–Krönig analysis. The ageing process of fuels is simulated by prolonged boiling. Radiative properties of diesel fuel droplets are calculated using the Mie theory and a simplified approach, based on approximations of absorption and scattering ef...

This paper presents a brief review on the current status of biodiesel production and its performance and emission characteristics as compression ignition engine fuel. This study is based on the reports on biodiesel fuel published in the current literature by different researchers. Biodiesel can be produced from crude vegetable oil, non-edible oil, waste frying oil, animal tallow and also from a...

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the technical feasibility of DME-Diesel blend as an alternative fuel for compression-ignition engines for automotive applications. DME is a synthetic fuel produced by the conversion of various feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, oil residues and bio-mass. The compatible properties such as high cetane number and low auto-ignition temperature with s...

The needle lift and return timing of a CRDI (common rail direct injection) injector were investigated using an accelerometer and the Bosch injection rate measurement method. The Bosch method was used to measure the fuel injection rate shape when fuel was injected with several patterns. An accelerometer was mounted on the outside of the injector to catch the needle lift and return timing of the ...

Alternative fuels have received much attention due to the depletion of world petroleum reserves and increased environmental concerns. Thus processed form of vegetable oil (Biodiesel) offers attractive alternative fuels to compression ignition engines. The present work investigates the engine performance parameters and emissions characteristics for direct injection diesel engine using coconut bi...

the gradual depletion of fossil fuels and the increase on their cost have made the researchers to look for renewable sources of energy. biodiesel fuel has attracted many researchers due to its low environmental pollution and being a renewable fuel. in this research, biodiesel was prepared by transesrtification of persian lilac seed oil. the prepared fuel was mixed with regular petro diesel in 0...

Ethyl levulinate (EL) can be produced from bio-based levulinic acid (LA) and ethanol. Experimental investigations were conducted to evaluate and compare the performances and exhaust emission levels of ethyl levulinate as an additive to conventional diesel fuel, with EL percentages of 5%, 10%, 15% (with 2% n-butanol), and 20% (with 5% n-butanol), in a horizontal single-cylinder four stroke diese...

Biodiesel is a green fuel produced from renewable resources. It is a clean-burning alternative fuel, which has drawn the attention of energy researchers for the last two decades. This paper presents an experimental investigation on Alexandrian laurel oil as a potential feedstock for biodiesel development. Biodiesel was produced using a two-step esterification–transesterification process. Analys...