Three-dimensional numerical simulations of a flow past non-submerged diversion dike are performed for various blockage ratios (1/6 ≤ β 1/3) and Froude numbers (0.152 Fr 0.253). The instantaneous time-averaged characteristics, the evolution process mixing layers, bed shear stress analyzed. ratio plays an important role in momentum redistribution turbulent kinetic energy dike. As increases, veloc...

A depth-averaged 2-D model has been developed for simulating coastal barrier breaching processes. The model solves the generalized shallow water equations and the non-equilibrium sediment transport and bed change equations in a coupled fashion using an explicit finite volume method on a rectangular grid. It considers interactions among transient flow, strong sediment transport, and rapid bed ch...

Titanium-rich clinohumite and layered structure minerals are observed in kimberlite and as inclusions in pyropic garnets from the Moses Rock dike, a kimberlite-bearing breccia dike in San Juan County, Utah. Associated clinopyroxenes observed as inclusions within similar pyropes and also in kimberlite are estimated to have equilibrated at depths ranging from about 50 to 150 km at modest temperat...

Minimization differences on Cellular Automata approach to predict new inundated area of hot mudflow on LUSI mud eruption disaster which occurred in Sidoarjo area is proposed. There are three characteristics of hot mudflow that is unique such as sur face material changes rapidly, surface temperature changes quickly and dike is constructed to avoid spill over. There are penetrations of hot mudflo...

Although the source layer for marine magnetic anomalies has been assumed to be the extrusive basalts of uppermost ocean crust, recent studies indicate that lower crustal rocks may also contribute. Because the temperature at which magnetization of crustal rocks achieves long-term stability is crucial to any source layer contribution, we undertook hightemperature VRM (viscous remanent magnetizati...

Imnaha Basalt and Grande Ronde Basalt (RI) of the Columbia River Basalt Group form a small synclinal basin immediately west of Riggins, Idaho. The displacement of the margins of the basalt outcrop, of the synclinal axis, and of a dike of Saddle Mountains(?) Basalt define a pattern best explained by a model of west-northwest to eastsoutheast and north-northwest to south-southeast dextral strike-...

[1] Recent spectroscopic detections of CH4 in the atmosphere of Mars are the first definitive observations of an organic compound on that planet. The relatively short photochemical lifetime of CH4 ( 300 years) argues for a geologically young source. We demonstrate here that lowtemperature alteration of basaltic crust by carbon-bearing hydrothermal fluid can produce the required CH4 flux of 1 10...

[1] The Kaoiki Seismic Zone at Mauna Loa’s east flank is the locus of some of the largest earthquakes on Hawaii. In this paper we examine the link of those earthquakes to volcanic activity at Mauna Loa. We calculate the changes of Coulomb failure stress along the Kaoiki faults for typical volcanic events at Mauna Loa volcano. We simulate the dislocation associated with the 1950 eruption at the ...

More and more natural disasters are happening every year: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, etc. In order to reduce the risk of possible damages, governments all around the world are investing into development of Early Warning Systems (EWS) for environmental applications. The most important task of the EWS is identification of the onset of critical situations affecting environment and po...