Among infectious diseases the Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. The present study was carried out in district Dir (Lower) Khyber Pukhtoon Khwa Pakistan. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of TB among the local population in district Dir (L). A descriptive study was design. The data were collected from different hospitals located in differe...

In adaptive radiotherapy, deformable image registration is often conducted between the planning CT and treatment CT (or cone beam CT) to generate a deformation vector field (DVF) for dose accumulation and contour propagation. The auto-propagated contours on the treatment CT may contain relatively large errors, especially in low-contrast regions. A clinician's inspection and editing of the propa...

Tissue perfusion measurement using C-arm angiography systems is a novel technique with potential high benefit for catheter-guided treatment of stroke in the interventional suite. However, perfusion C-arm CT (PCCT) is challenging: the slow C-arm rotation speed only allows measuring samples of contrast time attenuation curves (TACs) every 5 – 6 s if reconstruction algorithms for static data are u...

Introduction In vivo MR carotid plaque imaging has been used to identify vessel morphology and plaque characteristics, and their associations with clinical symptoms. [1] Two-dimensional T1 weighted (T1W) double inversion recovery spin echo [2] and subsequently quadruple inversion recovery spin echo sequences [3] have been used to obtain the contrast between vessel wall and lumen, and identify c...

background hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is the most significant source of chronic liver diseases in the globe. about 170 million individuals are infected by hcv worldwide. the reported prevalence of hcv in different areas of khyber pakhtunkhwa (kp) ranges from 4.1 to 36%. objectives the current study aimed to analyze the true prevalence of hcv infection in khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan. mat...

Recently, several fully distributed (localized) GPS based routing protocols for a Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) were reported in literature. They are variations of directional (DIR) routing methods, in which node A (the source or intermediate node) transmits a message m to several neighbors whose direction is closest to the direction of D. We also found an older, MFR (most forward progress with...

PURPOSE The aims of this work were to evaluate the performance of several deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms implemented in our in-house software (NiftyReg) and the uncertainties inherent to using different algorithms for dose warping. METHODS The authors describe a DIR based adaptive radiotherapy workflow, using CT and cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging. The transformations that mapped ...

INTRODUCTION: The Double Inversion Recovery Fast spin echo (DIR-FSE) sequence [1] is a key component of cardiac MR examination. It allows to homogenously suppress blood signal for a better depiction of the myocardium. Black blood imaging of the heart is usually performed during the mid-diastolic rest. This is a consequence of the long inversion time (TI) required to suppress the blood signal wh...

Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in District Dir, NWFP. We evaluated 10 patients with visceral leishmaniasis at DHQ Hospital Timergara District Dir, N.W.F.P. All patients were in the age range 2 to 10 years. The predominant clinical features in these were chronic fever (10), splenomegaly (10), hepatomegaly (10), weight loss (10) and abdominal distention (5). Lymphadenopathy was absent. Common ...

class LocalClassLoader extends ClassLoader { private String directory; public LocalClassLoader (String dir) { directory = dir; } protected Class loadClassFromFile(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException, FileNotFoundException { File target = new File(directory + name.replace(’.’, ’/’) + ".class"); if (! target.exists()) throw new FileNotFoundException(); long bytecount = target.length(); byt...