Finding our way in spatial environments is an essential part of daily life. How do we come to possess this sense of direction? Extensive research points to the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (EC) as key neural structures underlying spatial navigation. To better understand this system, we examined recordings of single-neuron activity from neurosurgical patients playing a virtual-navigation vi...

Heuristics have been widely used in artificial intelligence related fields including path finding. In this paper, the author argue that different heuristics can be integrated to solve the path finding problems and set forward a solution integrating greedy heuristic, directional heuristic and hierarchical heuristic. In greedy heuristic, an improved Dijkstra’s algorithm based on quad heap is set ...

beta-actin mRNA is localized near the leading edge in several cell types, where actin polymerization is actively promoting forward protrusion. The localization of the beta-actin mRNA near the leading edge is facilitated by a short sequence in the 3' untranslated region, the "zip code." Localization of the mRNA at this region is important physiologically. Treatment of chicken embryo fibroblasts ...

The dissolution dynamics of a NaCl nanocrystal in liquid water was studied using molecular dynamics simulations. The dissolution process was found to start with a Cl(-) ion at a corner site, followed by a Na(+) ion nearby. Both show directional preference in the dissolution path. An ion sequence with alternating charge, i.e., Cl(-), Na(+), Cl(-), Na(+), etc. was found to dominate the dissolutio...

We present a method to start light paths on an emitting environment map in the context of Monte Carlo global illumination with image-based lighting or physical sky models. With this technique we can efficiently render unbiased caustics from these kinds of lights, for example using bi-directional path tracing. Additionally it is now possible to use algorithms like multiple importance sampling, p...

p. 1 Champion Teams FC Portugal Team Description: RoboCup 2000 Simulation League Champion p. 29 The Cornell RoboCup Team p. 41 CS Freiburg: Doing the Right Thing in a Group p. 52 The UNSW RoboCup 2000 Sony Legged League Team p. 64 Challenge Award Finalists Adaptive Path Planner for Highly Dynamic Environments p. 76 Communication and Coordination Among Heterogeneous Mid-Size Players: ART99 p. 86...

In typical radio transmitters, the signal is modulated at lower frequencies and then up-converted, amplified, and radiated by an antenna. In the absence of multi-path, receivers at different angles observe the same modulated signal, only different in gain factor and time delay. Although a directional antenna radiates more power in some angles than others, the signal transmitted to any direction...

A recently proposed biophysical model for directional hearing in grasshoppers was tested using complex stimulus situations, with two loudspeakers, one on either side of the animal, synchronously emitting sinusoids with defined phase and amplitude relationships. Hearing responses were determined from whole nerve recordings and compared with the predictions of the model. In Schistocerca gregaria,...

Preserving source location privacy in wireless sensor networks can be critical for several practical applications. Existing solutions proposed specifically for sensor networks rely on a combination of dynamic routing and dummy traffic to hide real event messages. While some privacy protection guarantees can be given, these solutions also tend to be expensive due to fake transmissions and non-sh...