Wireless ad hoc networks have traditionally been assumed to use omni-directional antennas. However, it has been recently recognized that the use of advanced antenna technologies could help alleviate the capacity limitations of multi-hop wireless networks, stemming from interference generated in the shared medium [1]. Adaptive array antennas have the ability to automatically respond to an unknow...

purchase and consumption are an inseparable part of man’s social actions and play a vital role in allocating resources for the production of various products, their distribution pattern as well as economic, political and social development. if this issue is to be seen from the perspective of consumer behavior, consumption patterns and purchasing are considered a cultural phenomenon to be explai...

1 Modern hearing aid technology allows the response pattern of a multi-microphone directional array to be varied in response to the acoustic environment. For example, some systems attempt to identify noise sources and respond by steering an acoustic null or nulls formed by the directional microphones toward the noise source. While this technology holds the promise of improved speech intelligibi...

We give a methodology-oriented perspective on directional image analysis and rotation-invariant processing. We review the state of the art in the field and make connections with recent mathematical developments in functional analysis and wavelet theory. We unify our perspective within a common framework using operators. The intent is to provide image-processing methods that can be deployed in a...

Abstract: Previous analyses of pattern search algorithms for unconstrained and linearly constrained minimization have focused on proving convergence of a subsequence of iterates to a limit point satisfying either directional or first-order necessary conditions for optimality, depending on the smoothness of the objective function in a neighborhood of the limit point. Even though pattern search m...

-This paper proposes a method for extracting GLCM Features on Local Directional Pattern based Fuzzy Co-occurrence matrix for effective face recognition. In this method Local Directional Pattern is computed on the image and then fuzzy representation is used for reduction of image edge responsiveness values. Contrast, correlation, energy and homogeneity features are evaluated over Co-occurrence m...

Previous analyses of pattern search algorithms for unconstrained and linearly constrained minimization have focused on proving convergence of a subsequence of iterates to a limit point satisfying either directional or first-order necessary conditions for optimality, depending on the smoothness of the objective function in a neighborhood of the limit point. Even though pattern search methods req...

This paper presents a novel expression recognition method based on global and local features with decision-level fusion. We first extract Local Directional Pattern (LDP) global features of the whole face which can guarantee basic expression difference and decrease the influence of no-facial region meanwhile, then the Local Directional Pattern Variance (LDPv) descriptor is used to extract local ...

Many insects gain directional information from the polarization pattern of the sky. Polarization vision is mediated by the specialized ommatidia of the dorsal rim area of the compound eye, which contains highly polarization-sensitive photoreceptors. In crickets Gryllus campestris, polarized light information conveyed by the dorsal rim ommatidia was found to be processed by polarization-opponent...

In this paper we propose a Directional Antenna Medium Access (DAMA) protocol and its enhanced version called EDAMA (enhanced DAMA), which takes advantage of the benefits offered by directional antennas. Both of these schemes have been inspired by the IEEE 802.11 MAC, with major enhancements including a new neighbor discovery scheme, an optimized circular directional transmission of RTS and CTS ...