Gestational gigantomastia is a rare condition characterized by fast, disproportionate and excessive breast growth, decreased quality of life in pregnancy, and presence of psychologic as well as physical complications. The etiology is not fully understood, although hormonal changes in pregnancy are considered responsible. Prolactin is the most important hormone. To date, 125 cases of gigantomast...

Despite increasing evidence that climatic changes are having a widespread effect on the global distribution and abundance of wildlife [1, 2], the key question of whether the ranges of species that are already threat-listed are likely to be disproportionately affected lacks quantitative assessment. According to the "small-range climate-hypersensitivity hypothesis," we predict small range size to...

Criminal determination in a number of environmental offenses still raises excessive criminal threats. The weight for offense committed due to negligence is even more severe than the deliberate which causes death. weights can also not be compared that have same level seriousness. In Law reviewed, threat some formal material so it violates principle proportionality. Excessive crimes overcome thro...