BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis japonica is a parasitic disease that remains endemic in seven provinces in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China). One of the most important measures in the process of schistosomiasis elimination in P.R. China is control of Oncomelania hupensis, the unique intermediate host snail of Schistosoma japonicum. Compared with plains/swamp and lake regions, the hilly/mou...

Measurements of velocity and density perturbations along stellar streams in the Milky Way provide a timeintegrated measure of dark matter substructure at larger galactic radius than the complementary instantaneous inner-halo strong lensing detection of dark matter sub-halos in distant galaxies. An interesting case to consider is the proposed Phoenix–Hermus star stream, which is long, thin, and ...

The SSN package for R provides a set of functions for modeling stream network data. The package can import geographic information systems data or simulate new data as a ‘SpatialStreamNetwork’, a new object class that builds on the spatial sp classes. Functions are provided that fit spatial linear models (SLMs) for the ‘SpatialStreamNetwork’ object. The covariance matrix of the SLMs use distance...

The impact of geography on incidence of clinical episodes of malaria was investigated in a cohort of children enrolled in a longitudinal clinical trial of antimalarial therapy in Kampala, Uganda. Participant households and the boundaries of local swamps and streams were mapped and incidence of clinical malaria episodes was measured prospectively using passive surveillance during one year of fol...

How to pass from local to global scales in anonymous networks? In such networks, how to organize a self-stabilizing propagation of information with feedback? From Angluin’s results, the deterministic leader election is impossible in general anonymous networks. Thus, it is impossible to build a rooted spanning tree. In this paper we show how to use Unison to design a selfstabilizing barrier sync...

We have mapped two regions at the northern tip of the Magellanic Stream in neutral hydrogen 21-cm emission using the Arecibo telescope. The new data are used to study the morphology and properties of the Stream far away from the Magellanic Clouds, as well as to provide indirect constraints on the properties of the Galactic Halo. We investigate confinement mechanisms for the Stream clouds and co...

An efficient model to store and retrieve surface watershed boundaries using graph theoretic approaches is proposed. Our approach utilizes three algorithms and accepts as input standard digital elevation models derived stream catchment boundaries. The first is called Modified Nested Set (MNS), which is a generalized depth first graph traversal algorithm that searches across stream reaches (verti...

Linear and heterogeneous habitat makes headwater stream networks an ideal ecosystem in which to test the influence of environmental factors on spatial genetic patterns of obligatory aquatic species. We investigated fine-scale population structure and influence of stream habitat on individual-level genetic differentiation in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) by genotyping eight microsatellite ...

Earthquake-induced crustal deformation and ground shaking can alter stream flow and water levels in wells through consolidation of surficial deposits, fracturing of solid rocks, aquifer deformation, and the clearing of fracture-filling material. Although local conditions affect the type and amplitude of response, a compilation of reported observations of hydrological response to earthquakes ind...

In this study, the effect of ultrasound irradiation on the flux recovery and fouling mitigation for the membranes made of the polysulfone by the phase inversion method were investigated. Two ultrasound irradiation regimes, including inside and outside the module, were chosen for this study. The experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of ultrasound irradiation on the membrane struct...