OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of pan-retinal photocoagulation with Pattern Scan Laser (pascal)on best corrected visual acuity and central macular thickness in patients having proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). METHODS This study was conducted at AFIO, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Oct 2014 to Jul 2015. Sixty seven eyes of 46 patients having proliferative diabetic retinopathy were includ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in the management of postoperative hyperopia and astigmatism in patients with history of radial keratotomy (RK). MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective nonrandomized noncomparative interventional case series enrolled consecutive eyes treated with PRK after RK. In cases, in which (1) wavefront (WF)...

BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to compare the therapy of corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) for central and paracentral keratoconus. METHODS 64 eyes of 43 central keratoconus patients whose highest power of the cornea located in the central 3 mm zone and 24 eyes of 16 paracentral keratoconus patients whose highest power located out of the central 3 mm zone received standard corneal CXL ...

purpose: to compare rose-k and conventional rgp contact lenses in terms of visual acuity, visual function and comfort in keratoconus patients. method: fifty-four patients with keratoconus were randomly fitted with rose-k and conventional rgp contact lens (wohlk contact lens), by one experienced ophthalmologist using a standard (three touch point) approach. general and demographic information, k...

We would like to thank Ian Murdoch and David Crabb for their important letter pointing out the tendency underestimate global burden of glaucoma when focusing solely on central vision loss. Glaucoma is leading cause irreversible loss globally, whose share overall blindness prevalence has been growing steadily as investments have begun pay off in fight against diseases such cataract trachoma.1Bur...

Objective: Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (RIPC) as the transient ischemia and reperfusion of the arm is a promising method for protecting different tissue from future ischemia. These effects might be mediated through vascular and endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. We investigated the influence of RIPC on diabetic macular edema (DME) as a chronic ischemic condition in patients who were ...