In this paper, I want to explore possible explanations of the ‘welfare state’. I am not here interested in defending the welfare state, or criticising it, or suggesting how it might be made more effective. I want rather to treat it as a political phenomenon, and to ask what kind of explanation (or explanations) the rational choice tradition of political theory might offer as to why the welfare ...

following the failure of economic development and growth policies and dissatisfactions resulting from applying these policies, related discussions to life satisfaction was proposed among various experts. in their opinion, different factors can be effectual on life satisfaction. one of the most important factors is social welfare. this study is a social survey and it has used questionnaire for c...

the relevance and effectiveness of the world health organization’s (who’s) global code of practice on the international recruitment of health personnel is being reviewed in 2015. the code, which is a set of ethical norms and principles adopted by the world health assembly (wha) in 2010, urges members states to train and retain the health personnel they need, thereby limiting demand for internat...

In four studies, the authors investigated the individual-oriented versus social-oriented nature of procedural justice effects by comparing fairness-based responses to decision-making procedures among proself versus prosocial oriented individuals. In Studies 1 through 3, we measured participants’ social value orientation and manipulated whether or not they were granted or denied voice in a decis...

the main purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between organizational trust and organizational justice components and their role on job involvement. the method of this research is descriptive and co-relational, and the statistical sample contains 350 employees and managers of education in meybod and ardakan (yazd). data collected by moorman's (1999) organizational justice qu...

Most agree that envy, or at least the malicious kind(s), should not have any role in moral justification of distributive arrangements. This paper defends a contrary position. It argues very John Rawls, Axel Honneth and others care about social bases self-esteem good reasons to levels envy different principles reliably generate. The basic argument is (1) involves particular kind harm such exclud...

We provide a framework to decompose preferences into a notion of distributive justice and a selfi shness part and to recover individual notions of distributive justice from data collected in appropriately designed experiments. “Dictator games” with varying transfer rates used in Andreoni and Miller (2002) and Fisman et al. (2007) can be used to assess individuals’ preferences, but – with the he...

a r t i c l e i n f o The ecological economic concern with environmental sustainability embodies the normative orientations of the field. This concern is foremost a matter of distributive justice, the definition of which determines the relevance of the appropriate scale and efficient allocation criteria. Yet it would appear that the discipline lacks a shared, internally consistent set of ethica...