We analyze the effects of a domestic standard that reduces an externality associated with the consumption of the good targeted by the standard, using a model in which foreign and domestic producers compete in the domestic good market. Producers can reduce expected damage associated with the externality by incurring a cost that varies by source of origin. Despite potential protectionism, the sta...

We study optimal monetary and fiscal policy at the zero lower bound in a small open economy model with sticky prices and a flexible exchange rate. In such a liquidity trap situation, the economy suffers from a negative output gap, producer price deflation, and an appreciated real exchange rate (compared to its efficient level). The extent of these adverse effects and the duration of the liquidi...

This study systematically examines foreign R&D in China’s manufacturing industries, using the most recent census data published by China’s State Council. It reveals that foreign firms are committing less R&D resource than China’s domestic enterprises. Foreign R&D activities are far more active in high-tech industries than in labour-intensive industries. This study also demonstrates that China’s...

——————————————————————————————————— We study optimal portfolio choice in a two-country model where assets represent claims on future consumption and facilitate trade in markets with imperfect credit. Assuming that foreign assets trade at a cost, agents hold relatively more domestic assets. Consequently, agents have larger claims to domestic over foreign consumption. Moreover, foreign assets tur...

Indonesian foreign policy in the Islamic direction is often viewed from standpoint of religiosity elites and their solidarity with “brothers faith”, however, history development statehood peculiarities Islam show that vector has long been identified by anti-colonial anti-imperialist discourse only at present stage began to acquire features political Islam.

In spite of China’s continued authoritarian political system, there is growing recognition that business lobbying is an integral part of the country’s policy process at both the local and national levels. As thousands of economic regulations and laws have become key determinants of the fate of industry, all types of companies—state-owned and private, Chinese and foreign—have become active in ev...

Carbon Border Tax Adjustments (BTAs) are a politically popular strategy for avoiding competitive disadvantage problems when a country implements a unilateral climate change policy. A BTA taxes carbon embodied in imported goods in order to protect domestic industry and motivate other countries to implement climate change policy. To estimate the effectiveness of a BTA, is it is necessary to know ...

China-Russia strategic partnership has evolved into a new stage where the two great powers share increasing overlapping and complementary interests. The Greater Eurasia Partnership (GEP) framework offers an integrated approach to conducting their relations by deepening collaborative partnerships through regional development security cooperation. This article aims analyze evolving nature of GEP ...

This article investigates whether Turkish populism has undergone a ‘civilizational turn’ akin to what Brubaker, Haynes, Yilmaz, and Morieson have described occurring among populist parties in Europe North America. The applies Yilmaz Morieson’s definition of populism’ Turkey under the rule governing Justice Development Party (AKP) order determine party conforms this definition. how AKP, an Islam...